Stojanovic Jovana, Milovanovic Sonja, Pastorino Roberta, Iavicoli Ivo, Boccia Stefania
Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore.
Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2018 Sep;27(5):468-476. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000364.
This study aims to summarize the current knowledge on the relationship between genetic polymorphisms, occupational exposures, and urinary tract cancers. We searched MEDLINE, ISI Web of science, and SCOPUS online databases for all articles published in English language up to September 2016. A meta-analysis was performed to provide summary estimates for the association between a certain genetic polymorphism, occupational exposure and bladder cancer (BC) or kidney cancer (KC), when appropriate. Fifteen studies on BC and six on KC were deemed eligible for the review. With regard to BC, an overall odds ratio (OR) of 2.07 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38-3.09] for those with GSTM1 and an OR of 2.07 (95% CI: 1.38-3.09) for those with GSTT1 null genotype were reported when exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). NAT2 slow genotype carriers had an OR of 3.59 (95% CI: 2.62-4.93) for BC when exposed to aromatic amines and an OR of 2.07 (95% CI: 1.36-3.15) when exposed to PAHs. With regard to KC and pesticide exposure, the meta-analysis reported an OR of 4.38 (95% CI: 2.28-8.41) for GSTM1 present genotype, an OR of 2.59 (95% CI: 1.62-4.15) for GSTT1-present genotype and an OR of 6.51 (95% CI: 2.85-14.89) for combined effects of GSTM1 and GSTT1 active genotypes. This meta-analysis indicates a possible association between the variant genotypes of GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT2 and SULT1A1, occupational exposure to aromatic amines or PAHs, and development of BC. Our results suggest that polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes could influence the risk for developing KC in individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides.
本研究旨在总结目前关于基因多态性、职业暴露与泌尿系统癌症之间关系的知识。我们在MEDLINE、ISI科学网和SCOPUS在线数据库中检索了截至2016年9月发表的所有英文文章。在适当情况下，进行了一项荟萃分析，以提供某种基因多态性、职业暴露与膀胱癌（BC）或肾癌（KC）之间关联的汇总估计值。关于BC的15项研究和关于KC的6项研究被认为符合该综述的条件。关于BC，当暴露于多环芳烃（PAH）时，GSTM1基因缺失型个体的总体比值比（OR）为2.07 [95%置信区间（CI）：1.38 - 3.09]，GSTT1基因缺失型个体的OR为2.07（95% CI：1.38 - 3.09）。NAT2慢代谢基因型携带者在暴露于芳香胺时患BC的OR为3.59（95% CI：2.62 - 4.93），在暴露于PAH时的OR为2.07（95% CI：1.36 - 3.15）。关于KC和农药暴露，荟萃分析报告GSTM1野生型基因个体的OR为4.38（95% CI：2.28 - 8.41），GSTT1野生型基因个体的OR为2.59（95% CI：1.62 - 4.15），GSTM1和GSTT1活性基因型联合作用的OR为6.51（95% CI：2.85 - 14.89）。这项荟萃分析表明，GSTM1、GSTT1、NAT2和SULT1A1的变异基因型、职业性接触芳香胺或PAH与BC的发生之间可能存在关联。我们的结果表明，GSTM1和GSTT1基因的多态性可能会影响职业性接触农药个体患KC的风险。
