Walton Mark M G, Pallus Adam, Fleuriet Jérome, Mustari Michael J, Tarczy-Hornoch Kristina
Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;
Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
J Neurophysiol. 2017 Jul 1;118(1):280-299. doi: 10.1152/jn.00934.2016. Epub 2017 Apr 12.
Infantile strabismus is characterized by numerous visual and oculomotor abnormalities. Recently nonhuman primate models of infantile strabismus have been established, with characteristics that closely match those observed in human patients. This has made it possible to study the neural basis for visual and oculomotor symptoms in infantile strabismus. In this review, we consider the available evidence for neural abnormalities in structures related to oculomotor pathways ranging from visual cortex to oculomotor nuclei. These studies provide compelling evidence that a disturbance of binocular vision during a sensitive period early in life, whatever the cause, results in a cascade of abnormalities through numerous brain areas involved in visual functions and eye movements.
婴儿斜视的特征是存在众多视觉和眼球运动异常。最近已经建立了婴儿斜视的非人灵长类动物模型，其特征与人类患者中观察到的特征非常匹配。这使得研究婴儿斜视中视觉和眼球运动症状的神经基础成为可能。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了从视觉皮层到动眼神经核等与眼球运动通路相关结构中神经异常的现有证据。这些研究提供了令人信服的证据，即生命早期敏感时期的双眼视觉紊乱，无论原因如何，都会通过涉及视觉功能和眼球运动的众多脑区引发一系列异常。
