Umlauf René
a Department of Anthropology and Philosophy , Martin-Luther University, Halle , Germany.
Med Anthropol. 2017 Jul;36(5):449-463. doi: 10.1080/01459740.2017.1318282. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Access to anti-malarial drugs is increasingly governed by novel regulation technologies like rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). However, high rates of non-adherence particularly to negative RDT results have been reported, threatening the cost-effectiveness of the two interrelated goals of improving diagnosis and reducing the over-prescription of expensive anti-malarial drugs. Below I set out to reconstruct prior treatment forms like presumptive treatment of malaria by paying particular attention to their institutional groundings. I show how novel regulation technologies affect existing institutions of care and argue that the institutional work of presumptive treatment goes beyond the diagnosis and treatment of a currently observed fever episode. Instead, in contexts of precarity, through what I will call "practices of preparedness," presumptive treatment includes a variety of practices, performances, temporalities, and opportunities that allow individuals to prepare for future episodes of fever.
获取抗疟药物越来越多地受到快速诊断测试（RDTs）等新型监管技术的支配。然而，据报道，不依从率很高，尤其是对RDT阴性结果的不依从，这威胁到改善诊断和减少昂贵抗疟药物过度处方这两个相互关联目标的成本效益。下面我将特别关注其制度基础，着手重构先前的治疗形式，如疟疾的推定治疗。我展示了新型监管技术如何影响现有的护理机构，并认为推定治疗的制度工作超出了当前观察到的发热发作的诊断和治疗范围。相反，在不稳定的情况下，通过我将称之为“准备实践”的方式，推定治疗包括各种实践、行为、时间安排和机会，使个人能够为未来的发热发作做好准备。
