Toro-Ibarguen Ainhoa Nekane, Pretell-Mazzini Juan, Pérez Elena, Pedrajas Isabel, Cano-Egea Juan Miguel, Ramón Sanudo Jose
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Surgery, Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Muskuloskeletal Oncology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
Clin Anat. 2017 Jul;30(5):625-634. doi: 10.1002/ca.22887. Epub 2017 May 10.
The aim of this study was to determine the presence and morphology of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee in a sample of fetuses. We hypothesized that the ALL is present in sample fetuses and its origin is not related to repetitive stresses throughout life. Forty fresh-frozen knees from cadaveric fetuses were dissected using a standard technique. The ALL and other structures in the anterolateral compartment of the knee were identified. The details of the femoral and tibial attachments, course and relationships with anatomical structures of the ALL were identified, recorded, and quantitatively characterized. The ALL was identified in 100% of the dissected knees. We found three anatomical patterns regarding the femoral attachment: (1) Proximal and posterior to the fibular collateral ligament (55%); (2) Together with the fibular collateral ligament (25%); and (3). Anterior and distal to it (20%). The ALL was extracapsular with an oblique course attaching into the anterolateral aspect of the tibia, midway between the midpoint of Gerdy's tubercle and the fibular head. The ALL has a strong attachment to the lateral meniscus, creating two fascicles: proximal or meniscofemoral and distal or meniscotibial. The ALL is a constant, extracapsular anatomical structure in the anterolateral compartment of the knee, present from the later prenatal period of life. Its morphology shows three different patterns of femoral attachment in relation to the fibular collateral ligament position, a strong attachment in the lateral meniscus, and a constant tibial attachment. Clin. Anat. 30:625-634, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
本研究的目的是确定胎儿样本中膝关节前外侧韧带（ALL）的存在情况及其形态。我们假设ALL存在于样本胎儿中，并且其起源与一生中的反复应力无关。使用标准技术解剖了40个来自尸体胎儿的新鲜冷冻膝关节。识别出膝关节前外侧间室中的ALL和其他结构。确定、记录并定量描述了ALL的股骨和胫骨附着点、走行及其与解剖结构的关系。在所有解剖的膝关节中均识别出ALL。我们发现了三种关于股骨附着的解剖模式：（1）在腓侧副韧带的近端和后方（55%）；（2）与腓侧副韧带在一起（25%）；以及（3）在其前方和远端（20%）。ALL位于关节囊外，走行倾斜，附着于胫骨的前外侧，在Gerdy结节中点与腓骨头之间的中点处。ALL与外侧半月板有牢固的附着，形成两个束：近端的或半月板股骨束和远端的或半月板胫骨束。ALL是膝关节前外侧间室中恒定的关节囊外解剖结构，从生命的产前后期就已存在。其形态显示出与腓侧副韧带位置相关的三种不同股骨附着模式、与外侧半月板的牢固附着以及恒定的胫骨附着。《临床解剖学》30:625 - 634，2017年。© 2017威利期刊公司。
