Volosin Márta, Gaál Zsófia Anna, Horváth János
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Kazinczy utca 23-27, H-1075 Budapest, Hungary.
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
Biol Psychol. 2017 May;126:71-81. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.04.007. Epub 2017 Apr 12.
The present study investigated how fast younger and older adults recovered from a distracted attentional state induced by rare, unpredictable sound events. The attentional state was characterized by the auditory N1 event-related potential (ERP), which is enhanced for sound events in the focus of attention. Younger (19-26 years) and older (62-74 years) adults listened to continuous tones containing rare pitch changes (glides) and short gaps. Glides and gaps could be separated in 150ms, 250ms, 650ms or longer and the task was gap detection while ignoring glides. With longer glide-gap separations similar N1 enhancements were observable in both groups suggesting that the duration of the distracted sensory state was not affected by aging. Older adults responded, however, slower at short glide-gap separations which indicated that distraction at subsequent levels of processing may have nonetheless more impact in older than in younger adults.
本研究调查了年轻人和老年人从由罕见、不可预测的声音事件引起的注意力分散状态中恢复的速度有多快。注意力状态通过听觉N1事件相关电位（ERP）来表征，该电位在注意力焦点中的声音事件时增强。年轻（19 - 26岁）和年长（62 - 74岁）成年人聆听包含罕见音高变化（滑音）和短间隙的连续音调。滑音和间隙可以在150毫秒、250毫秒、650毫秒或更长时间内分开，任务是忽略滑音进行间隙检测。在较长的滑音 - 间隙间隔下，两组中均观察到类似的N1增强，这表明注意力分散的感觉状态持续时间不受衰老影响。然而，在短滑音 - 间隙间隔下，年长成年人的反应较慢，这表明在后续处理水平上的注意力分散对年长成年人的影响可能比对年轻成年人更大。
