Szaflarski Jerzy P, Martin Roy C, Faught Edward, Funkhouser Ellen, Richman Joshua, Piper Kendra, Juarez Lucia, Dai Chen, Pisu Maria
Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
Epilepsy Behav. 2017 May;70(Pt A):253-258. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 Apr 12.
In this study, we examined the provision of care to older adults with epilepsy and compliance with the "Quality Indicator for Epilepsy Treatment 15" (QUIET-15) measure. We analyzed 2008-2010, 5% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries augmented with data from all beneficiaries who identified as a minority with claims related to seizures (780.3x) or epilepsy (345.xx). Of 36,912 identified epilepsy cases, 12.6% had ≥1 emergency room (ER) visit for seizure(s). For those who presented to ER, among those taking anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), AED was changed in 15.4%, dose adjusted in 19.7%, and stopped in 14.9%; among those not taking AED, therapy was initiated in 68.5%. In adjusted logistic regressions, African-Americans were more likely to have recurrent seizures than Whites (OR 1.41, 95%CI 1.27-1.56), while Asians were less likely to have recurrent seizures (OR 0.71, 95%CI 0.57-0.89). There were no significant racial/ethnic differences in the likelihood of a post-seizure intervention. The chance of seizure recurrence leading to ER visit decreased with age and increased with the number of comorbidities. Patients with seizure recurrence were more likely to be taking an enzyme-inducing AED (OR 1.69, 95%CI 1.57-1.82) and receiving Part D Low Income Subsidy (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.22-1.51). The probability of AED change after a seizure was higher for patients with ≥4 comorbidities (OR 1.69, 95%CI 1.25-2.27), patients who saw a neurologist (OR 1.49, 95%CI 1.30-1.70), and patients who were taking an enzyme-inducing AED (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.27-1.71). Overall, a minority of Medicare beneficiaries experienced seizure recurrence that resulted in an ER visit. However, only half of them received treatment concordant with QUIET-15. Though racial differences were observed in occurrence of seizures, none were noted in the provision of care.
在本研究中,我们调查了老年癫痫患者的护理情况以及对“癫痫治疗质量指标15”(QUIET - 15)措施的依从性。我们分析了2008 - 2010年医疗保险受益人的5%随机样本,并补充了所有认定为少数族裔且有癫痫发作(780.3x)或癫痫(345.xx)相关索赔数据的受益人信息。在36,912例确诊的癫痫病例中,12.6%因癫痫发作至少有1次急诊室就诊。对于那些前往急诊室的患者,在服用抗癫痫药物(AEDs)的人群中,15.4%的患者更换了AED,19.7%的患者调整了剂量,14.9%的患者停药;在未服用AED的人群中,68.5%开始了治疗。在调整后的逻辑回归分析中,非裔美国人比白人更易出现癫痫复发(比值比1.41,95%置信区间1.27 - 1.56),而亚洲人癫痫复发的可能性较小(比值比0.71,95%置信区间0.57 - 0.89)。癫痫发作后干预的可能性在种族/族裔方面无显著差异。癫痫复发导致急诊室就诊的几率随年龄增长而降低,随合并症数量增加而升高。癫痫复发的患者更有可能服用诱导酶的AED(比值比1.69,95%置信区间1.57 - 1.82)并接受D部分低收入补贴(比值比1.36,95%置信区间1.22 - 1.51)。癫痫发作后AED更换的概率在合并症≥4的患者(比值比1.69,95%置信区间1.25 - 2.27)、看过神经科医生的患者(比值比1.49,95%置信区间1.30 - 1.70)以及服用诱导酶AED的患者(比值比1.47,95%置信区间1.27 - 1.71)中更高。总体而言,少数医疗保险受益人经历了导致急诊室就诊的癫痫复发。然而,其中只有一半接受了符合QUIET - 15的治疗。尽管在癫痫发作发生率上观察到种族差异,但在护理提供方面未发现差异。