Arnaudo María Florencia, Lago Fernando, Moscoso Nebel, Báscolo Ernesto, Yavich Natalia
Licenciada en Economía, Magister en Ingeniería de Procesos Petroquímicos. Becaria, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Asistente de Docencia, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Licenciado en Economía, Doctor en Economía. Investigador, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Profesor Adjunto, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Salud Colect. 2016 Mar;12(1):125-137. doi: 10.18294/sc.2016.880.
In Argentina, during the decade of the 1990s major changes were introduced into the regulatory framework of the national obras sociales, or union-based health coverage plans. Using data from the Federal Administration of Public Income (AFIP) [Administración Federal de Ingresos Públicos], this study evaluates for the years 2004 and 2011: a) the importance of obras sociales within the healthcare system, b) the degree of concentration of this health social security subsystem, and c) the inequalities in the availability of funds among the obras sociales and their beneficiaries. The results show an increased importance of obras sociales within the Argentine health system. The concentration of funds distributed to the most important institutions within the subsystem showed no change, while the concentration of contributors to these institutions slightly increased and that of beneficiaries decreased. Finally, a reduction of the inequalities in funds per beneficiary received by different institutions was observed. This trend can be explained, among other factors, by the attenuation of wage differentials between branches of economic activity and the actions of the so-called Solidarity Redistribution Fund.
在阿根廷，20世纪90年代期间，国家工会医疗覆盖计划（obra sociales）的监管框架发生了重大变化。本研究利用联邦公共收入管理局（AFIP）的数据，对2004年和2011年进行了评估：a）工会医疗覆盖计划在医疗体系中的重要性；b）这一医疗社会保障子系统的集中程度；c）工会医疗覆盖计划及其受益人之间资金可得性的不平等。结果表明，工会医疗覆盖计划在阿根廷医疗体系中的重要性有所增加。分配给该子系统内最重要机构的资金集中度没有变化，而这些机构的缴费者集中度略有增加，受益人的集中度则有所下降。最后，观察到不同机构每位受益人获得的资金不平等现象有所减少。这一趋势可以由多种因素来解释，其中包括经济活动各部门之间工资差异的减弱以及所谓团结再分配基金的行动。
