Comeche Amparo, Martín-Villamil María, Picó Yolanda, Varó Inma
Departamento de Biología, Cultivo y Patología de Especies Marinas, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain.
Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnológicas, Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Spain.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2017 Sep;199:98-105. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.04.004. Epub 2017 Apr 17.
In this study, the toxicity of methylparaben (MeP) an emerging contaminant, was analysed in the sexual species Artemia franciscana, due to its presence in coastal areas and marine saltworks in the Mediterranean region. The acute toxicity (24h-LC) of MeP in nauplii was tested and its chronic effect (9days) evaluated by measuring survival and growth under two sublethal concentrations (0.0085 and 0.017mg/L). Also, the effect on several key enzymes involved in: antioxidant defences (catalase (CAT) and gluthathion-S-transferase (GST)), neural activity (cholinesterase (ChE)) and xenobiotic biotransformation (carboxylesterase (CbE), was assessed after 48h under sublethal exposure. The results of acute exposure indicate that MeP is harmful to A. franciscana (24h-LC=36.7mg/L). MeP causes a decrease in CAT activity after 48h exposure to both concentration tested, that points out at the oxidative stress effect of MeP in A. franciscana. However, no significant effect on ChE, CbE and GST activities was found. In addition, MeP does not affect survival and growth in chronic exposure at the sublethal concentrations tested. The results of this study indicate that MeP is not a threat for A. franciscana under the experimental conditions used. Additional studies should be done considering long-term exposure and reproduction studies to analyse the potential risk of MeP as emerging contaminant in marine and hypersaline environments.
在本研究中，由于新兴污染物对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（MeP）存在于地中海地区的沿海区域和海盐场中，因此对有性物种卤虫进行了其毒性分析。测试了MeP对无节幼体的急性毒性（24小时半数致死浓度），并通过测量在两个亚致死浓度（0.0085和0.017mg/L）下的存活率和生长情况来评估其慢性影响（9天）。此外，在亚致死暴露48小时后，评估了其对几种关键酶的影响，这些酶参与抗氧化防御（过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST））、神经活动（胆碱酯酶（ChE））和外源性生物转化（羧酸酯酶（CbE））。急性暴露结果表明，MeP对卤虫有害（24小时半数致死浓度=36.7mg/L）。在暴露于两种测试浓度48小时后，MeP均导致CAT活性降低，这表明MeP对卤虫具有氧化应激作用。然而，未发现对ChE、CbE和GST活性有显著影响。此外，在所测试的亚致死浓度下，MeP在慢性暴露中不影响存活率和生长。本研究结果表明，在所使用的实验条件下，MeP对卤虫不构成威胁。应考虑进行长期暴露和繁殖研究的额外研究，以分析MeP作为海洋和高盐环境中新兴污染物的潜在风险。
