Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneshwar 751024, India.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Oct 15;596-597:136-146. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.011. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
Methane leads to global warming owing to its warming potential higher than carbon dioxide (CO). Rice fields represent the major source of methane (CH) emission as the recent estimates range from 34 to 112 Tg CH per year. Biogenic methane is produced by anaerobic methanogenic archaea. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies and isolation methodologies enabled investigators to decipher methanogens to be unexpectedly diverse in phylogeny and ecology. Exploring the link between biogeochemical methane cycling and methanogen community dynamics can, therefore, provide a more effective mechanistic understanding of CH emission from rice fields. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the diversity and activity of methanogens, factors controlling their ecology, possible interactions between rice plants and methanogens, and their potential involvement in the source relationship of greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields.
甲烷的增温潜能高于二氧化碳 (CO)，因此是导致全球变暖的主要原因。稻田是甲烷 (CH) 的主要排放源，最近的估计范围为每年 34 至 112 Tg CH。生物成因甲烷由产甲烷古菌在厌氧条件下产生。高通量测序技术和分离方法的进步使研究人员能够揭示出，产甲烷菌在系统发育和生态学上具有出人意料的多样性。因此，探索生物地球化学甲烷循环与产甲烷菌群落动态之间的联系，可以更有效地理解稻田中 CH 的排放机制。在本综述中，我们总结了产甲烷菌的多样性和活性、控制其生态学的因素、水稻植株与产甲烷菌之间可能存在的相互作用，以及它们在稻田温室气体排放源关系中的潜在作用等方面的现有知识。
