Coarsey Chad T, Esiobu Nwadiuto, Narayanan Ramswamy, Pavlovic Mirjana, Shafiee Hadi, Asghar Waseem
a Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering & Computer Science , Florida Atlantic University , Boca Raton , FL , United States.
b Asghar-Lab: Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine , Florida Atlantic University , Boca Raton , FL , United States.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2017 Nov;43(6):779-798. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2017.1313814. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a devastating, highly infectious illness with a high mortality rate. The disease is endemic to regions of Central and West Africa, where there is limited laboratory infrastructure and trained staff. The recent 2014 West African EVD outbreak has been unprecedented in case numbers and fatalities, and has proven that such regional outbreaks can become a potential threat to global public health, as it became the source for the subsequent transmission events in Spain and the USA. The urgent need for rapid and affordable means of detecting Ebola is crucial to control the spread of EVD and prevent devastating fatalities. Current diagnostic techniques include molecular diagnostics and other serological and antigen detection assays; which can be time-consuming, laboratory-based, often require trained personnel and specialized equipment. In this review, we discuss the various Ebola detection techniques currently in use, and highlight the potential future directions pertinent to the development and adoption of novel point-of-care diagnostic tools. Finally, a case is made for the need to develop novel microfluidic technologies and versatile rapid detection platforms for early detection of EVD.
埃博拉病毒病（EVD）是一种具有高死亡率的毁灭性、高传染性疾病。该疾病在中非和西非地区流行，这些地区的实验室基础设施和训练有素的工作人员有限。2014年西非埃博拉病毒病疫情在病例数量和死亡人数方面都是前所未有的，并且已证明此类区域性疫情可能成为全球公共卫生的潜在威胁，因为它成为了随后在西班牙和美国发生传播事件的源头。迫切需要快速且经济实惠的埃博拉病毒检测方法对于控制埃博拉病毒病的传播和防止毁灭性的死亡至关重要。当前的诊断技术包括分子诊断以及其他血清学和抗原检测分析；这些技术可能耗时、基于实验室，通常需要训练有素的人员和专门设备。在本综述中，我们讨论了目前正在使用的各种埃博拉病毒检测技术，并强调了与新型即时诊断工具的开发和应用相关的潜在未来方向。最后，阐述了开发新型微流控技术和通用快速检测平台以早期检测埃博拉病毒病的必要性。
