Zhang Yi-Lei, Wang Ruo-Chen, Cheng Ken, Ring Brian Z, Su Li
Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Cancer Biol Med. 2017 Feb;14(1):90-99. doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0086.
Ras-associated protein-1 (Rap1), a small GTPase in the Ras-related protein family, is an important regulator of basic cellular functions (e.g., formation and control of cell adhesions and junctions), cellular migration, and polarization. Through its interaction with other proteins, Rap1 plays many roles during cell invasion and metastasis in different cancers. The basic function of Rap1 is straightforward; it acts as a switch during cellular signaling transduction and regulated by its binding to either guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or guanosine diphosphate (GDP). However, its remarkably diverse function is rendered by its interplay with a large number of distinct Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors and Rap GTPase activating proteins. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which Rap1 signaling can regulate cell invasion and metastasis, focusing on its roles in integrin and cadherin regulation, Rho GTPase control, and matrix metalloproteinase expression.
Ras相关蛋白1（Rap1）是Ras相关蛋白家族中的一种小GTP酶，是基本细胞功能（如细胞黏附和连接的形成与控制）、细胞迁移和极化的重要调节因子。通过与其他蛋白质相互作用，Rap1在不同癌症的细胞侵袭和转移过程中发挥多种作用。Rap1的基本功能很简单；它在细胞信号转导过程中起开关作用，并通过与三磷酸鸟苷（GTP）或二磷酸鸟苷（GDP）结合来调节。然而，其与大量不同的Rap鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子和Rap GTP酶激活蛋白的相互作用赋予了它极其多样的功能。本综述总结了Rap1信号传导调节细胞侵袭和转移的机制，重点关注其在整合素和钙黏蛋白调节、Rho GTP酶控制以及基质金属蛋白酶表达中的作用。
