Ryan Angela J, Choi Andrew D, Choi Brian G, Lewis Jannet F
Division of Cardiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia.
Clin Cardiol. 2017 Sep;40(9):648-653. doi: 10.1002/clc.22702. Epub 2017 Apr 26.
Breast arterial calcification (BAC) is a type of medial artery calcification that can be seen incidentally on mammography. Studies have suggested association of BAC with cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery disease (CAD), and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recently published studies have also suggested a modest correlation of BAC with coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. Roughly 40 million mammograms are already performed annually in the United States with overlap in patients that undergo CAD screening via CAC scoring. Thus, identification of cardiovascular risk by demonstrating an association between BAC and CAC may enable an instrumental sex-specific methodology to identify asymptomatic women at risk for CAD. The purpose of this article is to review the current state of the literature for BAC and its association with CAC, to review contemporary breast cancer screening guidelines, and to discuss the clinical implications of these findings.
乳腺动脉钙化（BAC）是一种可在乳房X线摄影检查中偶然发现的动脉中层钙化。研究表明，BAC与心血管危险因素、冠状动脉疾病（CAD）以及心血管发病率和死亡率有关。最近发表的研究还表明，BAC与冠状动脉钙化（CAC）评分之间存在适度的相关性。在美国，每年大约进行4000万次乳房X线摄影检查，其中通过CAC评分进行CAD筛查的患者存在重叠。因此，通过证明BAC与CAC之间的关联来识别心血管风险，可能会形成一种有用的性别特异性方法，以识别有CAD风险的无症状女性。本文的目的是回顾BAC的文献现状及其与CAC的关联，回顾当代乳腺癌筛查指南，并讨论这些发现的临床意义。
