Sauter Disa A, Fischer Agneta H
a Department of Social Psychology , University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands.
Cogn Emot. 2018 May;32(3):504-515. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2017.1320978. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
Posed stimuli dominate the study of nonverbal communication of emotion, but concerns have been raised that the use of posed stimuli may inflate recognition accuracy relative to spontaneous expressions. Here, we compare recognition of emotions from spontaneous expressions with that of matched posed stimuli. Participants made forced-choice judgments about the expressed emotion and whether the expression was spontaneous, and rated expressions on intensity (Experiments 1 and 2) and prototypicality (Experiment 2). Listeners were able to accurately infer emotions from both posed and spontaneous expressions, from auditory, visual, and audiovisual cues. Furthermore, perceived intensity and prototypicality were found to play a role in the accurate recognition of emotion, particularly from spontaneous expressions. Our findings demonstrate that perceivers can reliably recognise emotions from spontaneous expressions, and that depending on the comparison set, recognition levels can even be equivalent to that of posed stimulus sets.
摆拍刺激主导着情感非语言交流的研究，但有人担心，与自发表情相比，使用摆拍刺激可能会提高识别准确率。在此，我们将对自发表情的情感识别与匹配的摆拍刺激的情感识别进行比较。参与者对所表达的情感以及表情是否为自发的进行了强制选择判断，并对表情的强度（实验1和2）和典型性（实验2）进行了评分。听众能够从听觉、视觉和视听线索中准确推断出摆拍表情和自发表情所表达的情感。此外，人们发现感知到的强度和典型性在情感的准确识别中发挥作用，尤其是对于自发表情。我们的研究结果表明，感知者能够可靠地从自发表情中识别情感，并且根据比较组的不同，识别水平甚至可以等同于摆拍刺激组。
