Pölönen S, Tiihonen M, Hartikainen S, Nykänen I
Irma Nykänen, Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, P.O.BOX 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland, Phone +358 40 355 2991, Fax: 358 17 162 131, E-mail :
J Nutr Health Aging. 2017;21(5):567-572. doi: 10.1007/s12603-016-0815-x.
To evaluate the effect of individually tailored dietary counseling on nutritional status among home care clients aged 75 years or older.
Non-randomised controlled study.
The study sample consisted of 224 home care clients (≥ 75 years) (intervention group, n = 127; control group, n = 100) who were at protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) or risk of PEM (MNA score <24 and plasma albumin <35 g/L).
Individually tailored dietary counseling; the persons were instructed to increase their food intake with energy-dense food items, the number of meals they ate and their consumption of energy-, protein- and nutrient-rich snacks for six months.
The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Body Mass Index (BMI) and plasma albumin were used to determine nutritional status at the baseline and after the six-month intervention.
The mean age of the home care clients was 84.3 (SD 5.5) in the intervention group and 84.4 (SD 5.3) in the control group, and 70 percent were women in both groups. After the six-month nutritional intervention, the MNA score increased 2.3 points and plasma albumin 1.6 g/L in the intervention group, against MNA score decreased -0.2 points and plasma albumin -0.1 g/L in the control group.
Individually tailored dietary counseling may improve nutritional status among older home care clients.
评估个性化饮食咨询对75岁及以上居家护理患者营养状况的影响。
非随机对照研究。
研究样本包括224名居家护理患者（≥75岁）（干预组，n = 127；对照组，n = 100），这些患者存在蛋白质能量营养不良（PEM）或有PEM风险（微型营养评定量表[MNA]评分<24且血浆白蛋白<35 g/L）。
个性化饮食咨询；指导这些人在六个月内通过食用能量密集型食物、增加用餐次数以及食用富含能量、蛋白质和营养的零食来增加食物摄入量。
使用微型营养评定量表（MNA）、体重指数（BMI）和血浆白蛋白在基线时以及六个月干预后确定营养状况。
干预组居家护理患者的平均年龄为84.3岁（标准差5.5），对照组为84.4岁（标准差5.3），两组中70%为女性。经过六个月的营养干预后，干预组的MNA评分增加了2.3分，血浆白蛋白增加了1.6 g/L，而对照组的MNA评分下降了-0.2分，血浆白蛋白下降了-0.1 g/L。
个性化饮食咨询可能改善老年居家护理患者的营养状况。
