Mason Krystal L, Retzer Kyla D, Hill Ryan, Lincoln Jennifer M
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 Apr 28;66(16):417-421. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6616a2.
During 2003-2013, fatality rates for oil and gas extraction workers decreased for all causes of death except those associated with fall events, which increased 2% annually during 2003-2013 (1). To better understand risk factors for these events, CDC examined fatal fall events in the oil and gas extraction industry during 2005-2014 using data from case investigations conducted by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Sixty-three fatal falls were identified, accounting for 15% of all fatal events. Among fatal falls, 33 (52%) workers fell from a height of >30 feet (9 meters), and 22 (35%) fell from the derrick board, the elevated work platform located in the derrick (structure used to support machinery on a drilling rig). Fall fatalities occurred most frequently when drilling rigs were being assembled or disassembled at the well site (rigging up or rigging down) (14; 22%) or when workers were removing or inserting drill pipe into the wellbore (14; 22%). Measures that target derrickmen and workers engaged in assembling and disassembling drilling rigs (rigging up and down) could reduce falls in this industry. Companies should annually update their fall protection plans and ensure effective fall prevention programs are in place for workers at highest risk for falls, including providing trainings on proper use, fit, and inspection of personal protective equipment.
在2003年至2013年期间，除与坠落事件相关的死亡原因外，石油和天然气开采工人的各种死因死亡率均有所下降，而在2003年至2013年期间，与坠落事件相关的死亡率每年上升2%（1）。为了更好地了解这些事件的风险因素，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）利用职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）进行的病例调查数据，对2005年至2014年期间石油和天然气开采行业的致命坠落事件进行了调查。共确定了63起致命坠落事件，占所有致命事件的15%。在致命坠落事件中，33名（52%）工人从超过30英尺（9米）的高度坠落，22名（35%）工人从井架板坠落，井架板是位于井架（用于支撑钻机上机械的结构）中的高架工作平台。坠落死亡事件最常发生在井场组装或拆卸钻机（架起或放下）时（14起；22%），或工人在将钻杆取出或插入井筒时（14起；22%）。针对井架工以及从事钻机组装和拆卸（架起和放下）工作的工人采取的措施，可减少该行业的坠落事故。公司应每年更新其坠落防护计划，并确保为坠落风险最高的工人制定有效的预防坠落计划，包括提供关于正确使用、合身性和检查个人防护装备的培训。
