Daflon Sarah D A, Guerra Igor L, Reynier Márcia V, Cerqueira Ana C, Botta Clarice R, Campos Juacyara C
a School of Chemistry , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
b LABTOX-Environmental Analysis Laboratory , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2017 Jul 29;52(9):842-848. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1312186. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
Petroleum refineries generate large amounts of wastewaters, which can have acute/chronic toxicity toward aquatic organisms. Previous studies have shown that many contaminants can be responsible for this toxicity, among them ammonia, sulfide, cyanide, phenols and hydrocarbons. In the study reported herein, the cause of the chronic toxicity of a biotreated petroleum refinery wastewater was investigated by applying the TIE methodology using the microcrustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia. Five samples were analyzed, and the results suggest that copper is the primary toxicant, showing a strong correlation with wastewater toxicity in Phase III. Other metal contaminants, such as zinc and nickel, are present in the samples at toxic concentrations and these may also contribute (to a lesser degree) toward the toxicity. In the case of one sample, the toxicity was attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), possibly benzo(a)pyrene, which was present at a concentration toxic to C. dubia. Although the values for the physicochemical parameters of the samples were below Brazilian environmental regulation limits (CONAMA 430), this was not sufficient to prevent chronic toxicity toward aquatic life, indicating that these limits are relatively high.
石油精炼厂会产生大量废水，这些废水可能对水生生物具有急性/慢性毒性。先前的研究表明，许多污染物都可能导致这种毒性，其中包括氨、硫化物、氰化物、酚类和碳氢化合物。在本文报道的研究中，通过使用微型甲壳动物杜氏哲水蚤应用毒性鉴别评价（TIE）方法，对经过生物处理的石油精炼厂废水的慢性毒性原因进行了调查。分析了五个样本，结果表明铜是主要毒物，在第三阶段与废水毒性呈现出很强的相关性。其他金属污染物，如锌和镍，在样本中的浓度具有毒性，它们也可能（在较小程度上）对毒性有贡献。对于其中一个样本，毒性归因于多环芳烃（PAHs），可能是苯并(a)芘，其浓度对杜氏哲水蚤具有毒性。尽管样本的物理化学参数值低于巴西环境法规限制（国家环境委员会第430号决议），但这不足以防止对水生生物的慢性毒性，这表明这些限制相对较高。
