Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales, Cra. 27 No. 64-60, Manizales, Colombia.
Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales, Cra. 27 No. 64-60, Manizales, Colombia.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Jun 15;216:160-168. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.029. Epub 2017 Apr 24.
Forest residues are an important source of biomass. Among these, Coffee Cut-Stems (CCS) are an abundant wood waste in Colombia obtained from coffee crops renovation. However, only low quantities of these residues are used directly in combustion processes for heating and cooking in coffee farms where their energy efficiency is very low. In the present work, an energy and environmental assessment of two bioenergy production processes (ethanol fermentation and gasification) using CCS as raw material was performed. Biomass gasification seems to be the most promising thermochemical method for bioenergy production whereas, ethanol fermentation is a widely studied biochemical method to produce biofuels. Experimental runs of the CCS gasification were carried out and the synthesis gas composition was monitored. Prior to the fermentation process, a treatment of the CCS is required from which sugar content was determined and then, in the fermentation process, the ethanol yield was calculated. Both processes were simulated in order to obtain the mass and energy balance that are used to assess the energy efficiency and the potential environmental impact (PEI). Moderate high energy efficiency and low environmental impacts were obtained from the CCS gasification. In contrast, high environmental impacts in different categories and low energy efficiencies were calculated from the ethanolic fermentation. Biomass gasification seems to be the most promising technology for the use of Coffee Cut-Stems with high energy yields and low environmental issues.
森林残留物是生物质的重要来源。其中,咖啡修剪茎(CCS)是哥伦比亚咖啡作物更新过程中产生的一种丰富的木质废料。然而,这些残留物中只有很少一部分直接用于咖啡农场的燃烧过程,用于取暖和烹饪,其能源效率非常低。在本工作中,对以 CCS 为原料的两种生物能源生产工艺(乙醇发酵和气化)进行了能量和环境评估。生物质气化似乎是最有前途的热化学方法,用于生产生物能源,而乙醇发酵是一种广泛研究的生物化学方法,用于生产生物燃料。对 CCS 的气化进行了实验运行,并监测了合成气的组成。在发酵过程之前,需要对 CCS 进行处理,以确定其中的糖含量,然后在发酵过程中,计算乙醇的产率。为了获得用于评估能源效率和潜在环境影响(PEI)的质量和能量平衡,对这两个过程进行了模拟。从中获得了中等的高能源效率和低环境影响,而从乙醇发酵中则计算出了不同类别中的高环境影响和低能源效率。生物质气化似乎是最有前途的技术,可以高效利用咖啡修剪茎,同时减少环境问题。