Kunda Nitesh K, Hautmann Julia, Godoy Sebastián E, Marshik Patricia, Chand Ramesh, Krishna Sanjay, Muttil Pavan
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Center for High Technology Materials and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Concepcion, Casilla 160-C Concepcion, Chile.
Int J Pharm. 2017 Jun 30;526(1-2):41-49. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.051. Epub 2017 Apr 24.
Plume characteristics, such as temperature and velocity, emitted from pMDIs could significantly affect the dose delivered to the lung. Currently, high speed cameras and thermocouples are used separately to evaluate these parameters. We used a low-noise infrared camera to evaluate both the temperature and velocity of the emitted plume from pMDIs. Additionally, we investigated whether the fine particle fraction (FPF) is affected when time between actuations is varied. We tested three different albuterol sulfate pMDIs: ProAir HFA, Proventil HFA, and Ventolin HFA. The plume and aerodynamic characteristics from these pMDIs were evaluated, after varying the time between actuations (15, 30, 60, and 120s), using the infrared camera and a next generation impactor, respectively. The aerodynamic characteristics were evaluated with and without a valved holding chamber (VHC). ProAir HFA had the softest plume followed by Proventil HFA and Ventolin HFA. Further, Ventolin HFA was slightly cooler and had significantly lower FPF than ProAir HFA and Proventil HFA. All inhalers had higher FPF when used with VHC. Further, we observed that the time between actuations affected the FPF across pMDIs. Moreover, generalized guidelines suggesting one-minute interval between actuations for pMDIs should be reconsidered, with and without a VHC.
来自压力定量吸入器（pMDIs）喷出的羽流特征，如温度和速度，可能会显著影响输送到肺部的剂量。目前，高速摄像机和热电偶是分别用于评估这些参数的。我们使用了一台低噪声红外摄像机来评估pMDIs喷出羽流的温度和速度。此外，我们还研究了启动之间的时间变化时，细颗粒分数（FPF）是否会受到影响。我们测试了三种不同的硫酸沙丁胺醇pMDIs：普米克令舒HFA、喘乐宁HFA和万托林HFA。在改变启动之间的时间（15、30、60和120秒）后，分别使用红外摄像机和新一代撞击器评估了这些pMDIs的羽流和空气动力学特征。在有和没有带阀储雾罐（VHC）的情况下评估了空气动力学特征。普米克令舒HFA的羽流最柔和，其次是喘乐宁HFA和万托林HFA。此外，万托林HFA的温度略低，并且其细颗粒分数显著低于普米克令舒HFA和喘乐宁HFA。所有吸入器在与VHC一起使用时细颗粒分数都更高。此外，我们观察到启动之间的时间会影响不同pMDIs的细颗粒分数。而且，对于pMDIs，无论有无VHC，建议启动之间间隔一分钟的通用指南都应重新考虑。
