Kim Mirang, Costello Joseph
Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.
Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
Exp Mol Med. 2017 Apr 28;49(4):e322. doi: 10.1038/emm.2017.10.
DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic mark that can be inherited through multiple cell divisions. During development and cell differentiation, DNA methylation is dynamic, but some DNA methylation patterns may be retained as a form of epigenetic memory. DNA methylation profiles can be useful for the lineage classification and quality control of stem cells such as embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent cells and mesenchymal stem cells. During cancer initiation and progression, genome-wide and gene-specific DNA methylation changes occur as a consequence of mutated or deregulated chromatin regulators. Early aberrant DNA methylation states occurring during transformation appear to be retained during tumor evolution. Similarly, DNA methylation differences among different regions of a tumor reflect the history of cancer cells and their response to the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, DNA methylation can be a useful molecular marker for cancer diagnosis and drug treatment.
DNA甲基化是一种稳定的表观遗传标记,可通过多次细胞分裂遗传。在发育和细胞分化过程中,DNA甲基化是动态的,但一些DNA甲基化模式可能作为表观遗传记忆的一种形式保留下来。DNA甲基化谱对于胚胎干细胞、诱导多能细胞和间充质干细胞等干细胞的谱系分类和质量控制可能有用。在癌症发生和发展过程中,由于染色质调节因子发生突变或失调,会出现全基因组和基因特异性的DNA甲基化变化。转化过程中早期出现的异常DNA甲基化状态在肿瘤演变过程中似乎会保留下来。同样,肿瘤不同区域之间的DNA甲基化差异反映了癌细胞的历史及其对肿瘤微环境的反应。因此,DNA甲基化可以成为癌症诊断和药物治疗的有用分子标记。