Vuorre Matti, Metcalfe Janet
Psychology Department, Columbia University, 365 Schermerhorn, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2017 Jul;79(5):1495-1505. doi: 10.3758/s13414-017-1321-x.
"Intentional binding" refers to the finding that people judge voluntary actions and their effects as having occurred closer together in time than two passively observed events. If this effect reflects subjectively compressed time, then time-dependent visual illusions should be altered by voluntary initiation. To test this hypothesis, we showed participants displays that result in particular motion illusions when presented at short interstimulus intervals (ISIs). In Experiment 1 we used apparent motion, which is perceived only at very short ISIs; Experiments 2a and 2b used the Ternus display, which results in different motion illusions depending on the ISI. In support of the time compression hypothesis, when they voluntarily initiated the displays, people persisted in seeing the motion illusions associated with short ISIs at longer ISIs than had been the case during passive viewing. A control experiment indicated that this effect was not due to predictability or increased attention. Instead, voluntary action altered motion illusions, despite their purported cognitive impenetrability.
“有意联结”指的是这样一种发现：人们判断自愿行为及其效果在时间上比两个被动观察到的事件发生的时间间隔更近。如果这种效应反映了主观上压缩的时间，那么与时间相关的视觉错觉应该会因自愿发起而改变。为了验证这一假设，我们向参与者展示了在短刺激间隔（ISI）呈现时会产生特定运动错觉的画面。在实验1中，我们使用了仅在非常短的ISI下才会被感知到的似动现象；实验2a和2b使用了特尔努斯展示，它会根据ISI产生不同的运动错觉。为支持时间压缩假设，当人们自愿发起展示时，他们在比被动观看时更长的ISI下仍持续看到与短ISI相关的运动错觉。一项对照实验表明，这种效应并非由于可预测性或注意力增加。相反，尽管运动错觉据称具有认知不可穿透性，但自愿行为改变了运动错觉。
