Elashvili E, Velijanashvili I
Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Georgian Med News. 2017 Feb(263):81-87.
The appropriate data as well as archival materials about the spread of Tularemia disease have been studied over of period from 1991-2014 in Georgia in order to evaluate the current situation in Kartli lowland foci as well as the main reasons of disease agent circulation and maintenance in the study area. 54 (24.6%) out of 220 suspicious cases were laboratory confirmed during the study period. Most of confirmed cases - 32 (59.26%) have been detected in Shida Kartli focus among the old population during the outbreaks in the winter period. Tularemia causative agent has been isolated from the environmental object on 87 occasions, 50 (57.5%) of them have been found in Shida Kartli and 8 (9.2%) - in Kvemo Kartli lowland. Existence of rodents and ixodes ticks in Kartli lowland greatly supports keeping up Tularemia foci in this area. The common vectors and kind of storage of disease are considered to be different species of ixodes ticks especially D. marginatus, Haem. Punctata, Haem. Sulcata. It should be noted that reduction of intensity of Tularemia agent partially should be linked to the reduction frequency of planned and intentional researches during the last period of time.
为评估卡尔特里低地疫源地的现状以及研究区域内病原体传播和维持的主要原因，对1991年至2014年期间格鲁吉亚关于兔热病传播的相关数据和档案资料进行了研究。在研究期间，220例疑似病例中有54例（24.6%）经实验室确诊。大多数确诊病例——32例（59.26%）是在冬季疫情爆发期间，在什达卡尔特里疫源地的老年人群中发现的。从环境样本中分离出兔热病病原体87次，其中50次（57.5%）在什达卡尔特里发现，8次（9.2%）在克维莫卡尔特里低地发现。卡尔特里低地存在啮齿动物和硬蜱，极大地支持了该地区兔热病疫源地的维持。疾病的常见传播媒介和储存宿主被认为是不同种类的硬蜱，尤其是边缘革蜱、血红扇头蜱、微小牛蜱。应该指出的是，兔热病病原体传播强度的降低部分应与过去一段时间计划内和有意研究的频率降低有关。
