Rodríguez-Feria Pablo, Hernández-Flórez Luis J, Rodríguez-Feria Daniela
Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia,
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2016 Jun;18(3):354-366. doi: 10.15446/rsap.v18n3.44487.
Objective To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical students for health promotion, primary prevention and early detection of breast neoplasm and uterine cervical neoplasm, as well as to make recommendations for improving the Public Health curriculum at the Universidad de los Andes. Methodology This study utilized a survey of medical knowledge, attitudes and practices applied to fifth year Colombian medical students attending the Universidad de los Andes in the first semester of 2013. Results 64/76 students answered the surveys (response rate 84.2 % ): 62.5 % (40/64) and 37.5 % (24/64) response rates from students in their ninth and tenth semesters, respectively; and 64.1 % (41/64) and 35.9 % (23/64) response rates from female and male students, respectively. Knowledge: clinical breast exam (CBE), breast self-examination (BSE) and mammography were recommended by 95.3 % (61/64) of students, 96.9 % (62/64) of medical students and 90.7 % (58/64) of students, respectively. Attitude: the most effective tests to reduce mortality in women aged ≥ 50 years were the Papanicolaou test according to 90.6 % (58/64) of students and mammography according to 82.8 % (53/64) of students. Practice: 55.0 % (35/64) of students had received training in the guidelines and protocols for breast neoplasm and uterine cervical neoplasm screening. Discussion To promote early detection of cervical and breast cancer, knowledge, attitudes and practices must be improved to enhance clinical practices (e.g. Papanicolaou test) and medical student training guidelines or protocols for these two cancers. Overall, with induced demand and support from research communities and institutions seeking to make these improvements, we collaborate to decrease missed opportunities in medical research and Public Health.
目的 评估医学生对乳腺肿瘤和子宫颈肿瘤的健康促进、一级预防及早期检测的知识、态度和实践，并为改进安第斯大学的公共卫生课程提出建议。方法 本研究采用了一项针对2013年第一学期在安第斯大学就读的哥伦比亚五年级医学生的医学知识、态度和实践的调查。结果 76名学生中有64名回答了调查问卷（回复率84.2%）：第九学期和第十学期学生的回复率分别为62.5%（40/64）和37.5%（24/64）；女生和男生的回复率分别为64.1%（41/64）和35.9%（23/64）。知识：分别有95.3%（61/64）的学生、96.9%（62/64）的医学生和90.7%（58/64）的学生推荐临床乳腺检查（CBE）、乳腺自我检查（BSE）和乳房X光检查。态度：90.6%（58/64）的学生认为巴氏试验是降低50岁及以上女性死亡率最有效的检查，82.8%（53/64）的学生认为是乳房X光检查。实践：55.0%（35/64）的学生接受过乳腺肿瘤和子宫颈肿瘤筛查指南及方案的培训。讨论 为促进子宫颈癌和乳腺癌的早期检测，必须改进知识、态度和实践，以加强临床实践（如巴氏试验）以及这两种癌症的医学生培训指南或方案。总体而言，在诱导需求以及寻求做出这些改进的研究团体和机构的支持下，我们共同努力减少医学研究和公共卫生中的错失机会。
