Ehler Edvard, Vanek Daniel
Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Education, Magdaleny Rettigove 4, Prague, 116 39, Czech Republic; Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
Forensic DNA Service, Janovskeho 18, Prague 7, 170 00, Czech Republic; Charles University in Prague, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, V Uvalu 84, Prague, 150 06, Czech Republic; Nemocnice Na Bulovce, Institute of Legal Medicine, Budinova 2, Prague, 180 81, Czech Republic.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2017 May;48:46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Isolated populations present a constant threat to the correctness of forensic genetic casework. In this review article we present several examples of how analyzing samples from isolated populations can bias the results of the forensic statistics and analyses. We select our examples from isolated populations from central and southeastern Europe, namely the Valachs and the European Roma. We also provide the reader with general strategies and principles to improve the laboratory practice (best practice) and reporting of samples from supposedly isolated populations. These include reporting the precise population data used for computing the forensic statistics, using the appropriate θ correction factor for calculating allele frequencies, typing ancestry informative markers in samples of unknown or uncertain ethnicity and establishing ethnic-specific forensic databases.
隔离群体对法医遗传学案件工作的准确性构成持续威胁。在这篇综述文章中，我们给出了几个例子，说明分析来自隔离群体的样本如何使法医统计和分析结果产生偏差。我们从欧洲中部和东南部的隔离群体中选取例子，即瓦拉几亚人和欧洲罗姆人。我们还为读者提供了一般策略和原则，以改进实验室操作（最佳实践）以及对来自疑似隔离群体样本的报告。这些包括报告用于计算法医统计数据的精确群体数据，使用适当的θ校正因子来计算等位基因频率，对未知或不确定族裔的样本进行祖先信息标记分型，以及建立特定族裔的法医数据库。
