Picchio Matteo, van Ours Jan C
Marche Polytechnic University, Department of Economics and Social Sciences, Italy; Ghent University, Sherppa, Belgium; Tilburg University, CentER, The Netherlands; IZA, Bonn, Germany.
Erasmus School of Economics and Tinbergen Institute, The Netherlands; University of Melbourne, Australia; IZA, Bonn, Germany; CEPR, London, United Kingdom; CESifo, Munich, Germany; CREAM, London, United Kingdom.
J Safety Res. 2017 Jun;61:41-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2017.02.004. Epub 2017 Mar 2.
From the point of view of workplace safety, it is important to know whether having a temporary job has an effect on the severity of workplace accidents. We present an empirical analysis on the severity of workplace accidents by type of contract.
We used microdata collected by the Italian national institute managing the mandatory insurance against work related accidents. We estimated linear models for a measure of the severity of the workplace accident. We controlled for time-invariant fixed effects at worker and firm levels to disentangle the impact of the type of contract from the spurious one induced by unobservables at worker and firm levels.
Workers with a temporary contract, if subject to a workplace accident, were more likely to be confronted with severe injuries than permanent workers. When correcting the statistical analysis for injury under-reporting of temporary workers, we found that most of, but not all, the effect is driven by the under-reporting bias.
The effect of temporary contracts on the injury severity survived the inclusion of worker and firm fixed effects and the correction for temporary workers' injury under-reporting. This, however, does not exclude the possibility that, within firms, the nature of the work may vary between different categories of workers. For example, temporary workers might be more likely to be assigned dangerous tasks because they might have less bargaining power.
The findings will help in designing public policy effective in increasing temporary workers' safety at work and limiting their injury under-reporting.
从工作场所安全的角度来看，了解从事临时工作是否会对工作场所事故的严重程度产生影响至关重要。我们针对合同类型对工作场所事故的严重程度进行了实证分析。
我们使用了由意大利负责管理与工作相关事故强制保险的国家机构收集的微观数据。我们估计了用于衡量工作场所事故严重程度的线性模型。我们控制了工人和企业层面的时间不变固定效应，以区分合同类型的影响与由工人和企业层面不可观测因素引起的虚假影响。
签订临时合同的工人在遭遇工作场所事故时，比长期工更有可能受到重伤。在对临时工伤害报告不足的情况进行统计分析校正后，我们发现大部分（但并非全部）影响是由报告不足偏差导致的。
临时合同对伤害严重程度的影响在纳入工人和企业固定效应以及对临时工伤害报告不足进行校正后依然存在。然而，这并不排除在企业内部，不同类别工人的工作性质可能存在差异的可能性。例如，临时工可能更有可能被分配危险任务，因为他们的议价能力可能较低。
这些研究结果将有助于设计有效的公共政策，以提高临时工的工作安全性并减少他们对伤害的瞒报情况。
