Belovicova Kristina, Bogi Eszter, Koprdova Romana, Ujhazy Eduard, Mach Mojmir, Dubovicky Michal
Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2017 Feb;38(1):19-26.
Epidemiological studies strongly support the theory that stressful life events play an important role in the etiology of depression. The mechanism of chronic stress induced depression involves a number of systems. Chronic stress represents a serious health issue especially during pregnancy and lactation. In this sensitive period, stress can lead to changes in emotion and cognitive behavior both of the mothers and the offspring. It is thus necessary to properly manage stress events during gestation. Venlafaxine belongs to the group of serotonin and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor drugs. It is used for the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders and other mood disorders. During pregnancy, however, the use of venlafaxine is questionable due to the lack of experimental and clinical studies. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic unpredictable stress and/or venlafaxine treatment on maternal and open field behavior of dams. Moreover, hippocampal neurogenesis was investigated either.
Female Wistar rats were subjected to 2-week chronic unpredictable stress induced by random stressors and treated with venlafaxine orally at a dose of 5 mg/kg twice a day. Maternal behavior was evaluated within 5-min observations twice a day. Mothers were also tested in the open field 8 weeks after chronic unpredictable stress procedure in a single 15-min session. Hippocampal neurogenesis was investigated by immunohistochemistry essay using DCX staining.
Results of the present study showed altered maternal and open field behavior of the dams. Stressed dams had lowered hippocampal neurogenesis, while venlafaxine treatment reversed this lowering.
These results suggest that stress and antidepressant therapy can have significant impact on behavior and hippocampal neurogenesis in rat dams.
流行病学研究有力支持了应激性生活事件在抑郁症病因学中起重要作用这一理论。慢性应激诱发抑郁症的机制涉及多个系统。慢性应激是一个严重的健康问题，尤其是在妊娠和哺乳期。在这个敏感期，应激会导致母亲和后代的情绪及认知行为发生变化。因此，在妊娠期妥善管理应激事件很有必要。文拉法辛属于5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂类药物。它用于治疗抑郁症、焦虑症及其他情绪障碍。然而，在孕期使用文拉法辛存在疑问，因为缺乏实验和临床研究。因此，本研究的目的是评估慢性不可预测应激和/或文拉法辛治疗对母鼠的母性行为及旷场行为的影响。此外，还对海马神经发生进行了研究。
雌性Wistar大鼠接受为期2周的由随机应激源诱发的慢性不可预测应激，并口服文拉法辛，剂量为5mg/kg，每日两次。每天两次在5分钟的观察期内评估母性行为。在慢性不可预测应激程序8周后，对母鼠进行单次15分钟的旷场测试。采用双皮质素（DCX）染色的免疫组织化学方法研究海马神经发生。
本研究结果显示母鼠的母性行为及旷场行为发生了改变。应激母鼠的海马神经发生减少，而文拉法辛治疗可逆转这种减少。
这些结果表明，应激和抗抑郁治疗可对母鼠的行为及海马神经发生产生显著影响。
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