Lee Moon-Sub, Wycislo Andrew, Guo Jia, Lee D K, Voigt Thomas
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaIL, USA.
Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaIL, USA.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Apr 18;8:544. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00544. eCollection 2017.
Grasses such as × and (switchgrass) can potentially be used to produce bioenergy on a large scale in the Midwestern USA. The biomass productivity of these warm-season perennial grasses, particularly × , can be substantial, even when grown with limited inputs. The literature, however, varies regarding the nitrogen requirements for × biomass production. In addition, there is a lack of information that identifies the yield-component(s) (including total tiller number, tiller weight, total tiller diameter, total tiller height, phytomer number, reproductive tiller number, vegetative tiller number, reproductive tiller height, vegetative tiller height, reproductive tiller diameter, vegetative tiller diameter, and reproductive tiller phytomer number) that contributes to × biomass yields. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of fertilization on biomass yield and individual × plant-yield components. Plots of × were planted in 2008 in Urbana, IL, USA, and received annual applications of 0, 60, or 120 kg N ha. × productivity increased when nitrogen was applied; between 2011 and 2014, nitrogen applications of 60 or 120 kg N ha produced average annual yields of 22.0 dry Mg ha compared to 11.8 dry Mg ha for unfertilized ×. Both the total number of tillers per m and the tiller weight also increased as N-application rates increased. Our results indicate that increased reproductive tiller density and tiller weight with increased N fertilization increased × biomass yield.
诸如×和柳枝稷之类的草类有潜力在美国中西部大规模用于生产生物能源。这些暖季型多年生草本植物，尤其是×，即便在投入有限的情况下种植，其生物量生产力也可能相当可观。然而，关于×生物量生产所需的氮素需求，文献中的说法不一。此外，缺乏能确定对×生物量产量有贡献的产量构成要素（包括总分蘖数、分蘖重量、总分蘖直径、总分蘖高度、节数、生殖分蘖数、营养分蘖数、生殖分蘖高度、营养分蘖高度、生殖分蘖直径、营养分蘖直径以及生殖分蘖节数）的信息。因此，本研究的目的是考察施肥对生物量产量及单株×植物产量构成要素的影响。2008年在美国伊利诺伊州厄巴纳种植了×小区，并每年施用0、60或120千克氮/公顷。施用氮肥后×的生产力提高；在2011年至2014年期间，施用60或120千克氮/公顷的氮肥，年均产量为22.0干公吨/公顷，而未施肥的×平均年产量为11.8干公吨/公顷。随着施氮量增加，每平方米的总分蘖数和分蘖重量也都增加。我们的结果表明，随着氮肥施用量增加，生殖分蘖密度和分蘖重量增加，从而提高了×的生物量产量。
