Paiva Lisete, Lima Elisabete, Neto Ana Isabel, Marcone Massimo, Baptista José
Research Center for Agricultural Technology (CITA-A), Department of Technological Sciences and Development (DCTD), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S. Miguel, Azores, Portugal.
Island Aquatic Ecology, Azorean Biodiversity Group, cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Department of Biology, University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S. Miguel, Azores, Portugal.
Food Res Int. 2016 Nov;89(Pt 1):432-438. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.08.007. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
This study presents, for the first time, the nutritional and health promoting aspects of four selected Azorean macroalgae (Ulva compressa, Ulva rigida, Gelidium microdon and Pterocladiella capillacea) in terms of total lipids, fatty acids (FA) profile, n6/n3 and hypocholesterolemic (h)/hypercholesterolemic (H) FA ratios, minerals, total essential amino acids (AA), anti-ageing and anti-phenylketonuria AA content, coenzyme Q, α-tocopherol, total phenolics, antioxidant properties and energy value, on a dry weight basis. The results revealed low lipid content (1.02-4.32%) but significant PUFA content (29.57-69.22% of total FA), suitable FA ratios (0.48-9.49 for n6/n3 and 1.26-4.22 for h/H), balanced macromineral ratios (0.27-1.91 for Na/K and 0.15-1.07 for Ca/Mg), appreciable amount of essential AA (45.27-58.13% of total AA), high amount of anti-ageing AA, low Phe content, coenzyme Q (1.25-8.27μg/g), α-tocopherol (2.61-9.14mg/100g), high total phenolic content (27.70-55.07mg of gallic acid equivalents/g extract), significant free radical scavenging activity (29.32-47.73%) and valuable energy content (6.80-9.80kJ/g). A regular consumption of these algae either directly or through food supplements may improve human health or may have a protective effect on some diseases and ageing process. They can also be used for producing pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals with potential economic value.
本研究首次以干重为基础，从总脂质、脂肪酸（FA）谱、n6/n3和降胆固醇（h）/升胆固醇（H）FA比值、矿物质、总必需氨基酸（AA）、抗老化和抗苯丙酮尿症AA含量、辅酶Q、α-生育酚、总酚类、抗氧化性能和能量值等方面，呈现了四种选定的亚速尔群岛大型海藻（压缩石莼、硬石莼、微小石花菜和毛细拟伊藻）的营养和促进健康的特性。结果显示，脂质含量较低（1.02 - 4.32%），但多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著（占总FA的29.57 - 69.22%），FA比值适宜（n6/n3为0.48 - 9.49，h/H为1.26 - 4.22），常量矿物质比例平衡（Na/K为0.27 - 1.91，Ca/Mg为0.15 - 1.07），必需AA含量可观（占总AA的45.27 - 58.13%），抗老化AA含量高，苯丙氨酸含量低，辅酶Q（1.25 - 8.27μg/g），α-生育酚（2.61 - 9.14mg/100g），总酚含量高（27.70 - 55.07mg没食子酸当量/g提取物）自由基清除活性显著（29.32 - 47.73%），能量含量有价值（6.80 - 9.80kJ/g）。定期直接食用这些海藻或通过食品补充剂摄入可能改善人类健康，或对某些疾病和衰老过程具有保护作用。它们还可用于生产具有潜在经济价值的药品和药妆品。
