Cuetos Maria José, Martinez E Judith, Moreno Rubén, Gonzalez Rubén, Otero Marta, Gomez Xiomar
Chemical and Environmental Bioprocess Engineering Department, Natural Resources Institute (IRENA), University of León, Avda Portugal 41, 24071 León 24009, Spain.
Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics, IMARENABIO, University of León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain.
J Adv Res. 2017 May;8(3):297-307. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2016.12.004. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
The potential of using anaerobic digestion for the treatment of poultry blood has been evaluated in batch assays at the laboratory scale and in a mesophilic semi-continuous reactor. The biodegradability test performed on residual poultry blood was carried out in spite of high inhibitory levels of acid intermediaries. The use of activated carbon as a way to prevent inhibitory conditions demonstrated the feasibility of attaining anaerobic digestion under extreme ammonium and acid conditions. Batch assays with higher carbon content presented higher methane production rates, although the difference in the final cumulative biogas production was not as sharp. The digestion of residual blood was also studied under semi-continuous operation using granular and powdered activated carbon. The average specific methane production was 216 ± 12 mL CH/g VS. This result was obtained in spite of a strong volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, reaching values around 6 g/L, along with high ammonium concentrations (in the range of 6-8 g/L). The use of powdered activated carbon resulted in a better assimilation of C3-C5 acid forms, indicating that an enhancement in syntrophic metabolism may have taken place. Thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied as analytical tools for measuring the presence of organic material in the final digestate and evidencing modifications on the carbon surface. The addition of activated carbon for the digestion of residual blood highly improved the digestion process. The adsorption capacity of ammonium, the protection this carrier may offer by limiting mass transfer of toxic compounds, and its capacity to act as a conductive material may explain the successful digestion of residual blood as the sole substrate.
在实验室规模的批次试验以及中温半连续反应器中，已对利用厌氧消化处理家禽血液的潜力进行了评估。尽管酸性中间产物的抑制水平较高，但仍对残留家禽血液进行了生物降解性测试。使用活性炭作为防止抑制条件的方法，证明了在极端铵和酸性条件下实现厌氧消化的可行性。碳含量较高的批次试验呈现出更高的甲烷产生速率，尽管最终累积沼气产量的差异并不那么明显。还使用颗粒状和粉末状活性炭在半连续运行条件下研究了残留血液的消化情况。平均比甲烷产量为216±12 mL CH/g VS。尽管挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）大量积累，达到约6 g/L的值，同时铵浓度较高（在6 - 8 g/L范围内），仍获得了这一结果。使用粉末状活性炭导致C3 - C5酸形式的同化效果更好，表明可能发生了共生代谢的增强。热分析和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）被用作分析工具，以测量最终消化液中有机物质的存在，并证明碳表面的变化。添加活性炭用于残留血液的消化极大地改善了消化过程。铵的吸附能力、这种载体通过限制有毒化合物的传质可能提供的保护以及其作为导电材料的能力，可能解释了以残留血液作为唯一底物时消化成功的原因。
