Division of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Division of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Allergol Int. 2017 Oct;66(4):610-616. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 Apr 24.
The number of patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) has been increasing in recent years in Japan. In ECRS, nasal polyps recur immediately after endoscopic sinus surgery. The molecular biological mechanism underlying the refractoriness of ECRS is unclear.
Whole-transcriptome analysis with next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted to investigate the molecular biological mechanism of ECRS. Real-time PCR, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to validate the results of RNA-seq.
RNA-seq analysis revealed that in the nasal polyps of ECRS, the levels of 3 transcripts were elevated significantly and those of 7 transcripts were diminished significantly. Among the genes encoding these transcripts, TRPV3 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 3) was identified as the only gene that is highly expressed in ECRS nasal polyps but this gene's expression was not previously detected using DNA microarray analysis in peripheral blood eosinophils. TRPV3 is newly identified here as a gene transcribed in ECRS. Our analysis also revealed that TRPV3 was highly expressed in the infiltrating eosinophils and mucosal epithelium of the nasal polyps of ECRS, and further that the more severe the refractoriness was after surgery, the higher the TRPV3 expression was in nasal polyps.
TRPV3 might play a role in the refractoriness of ECRS. Additional studies are required to evaluate the function of TRPV3 in ECRS.
近年来，日本嗜酸粒细胞性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（ECRS）患者数量不断增加。在 ECRS 中，鼻息肉在鼻内镜鼻窦手术后立即复发。ECRS 难治性的分子生物学机制尚不清楚。
采用下一代测序（RNA-seq）进行全转录组分析，以研究 ECRS 的分子生物学机制。实时 PCR、免疫组织化学染色和免疫荧光染色用于验证 RNA-seq 的结果。
RNA-seq 分析显示，在 ECRS 的鼻息肉中，有 3 个转录本的水平显著升高，有 7 个转录本的水平显著降低。在编码这些转录本的基因中，TRPV3（瞬时受体电位阳离子通道，亚家族 V，成员 3）被鉴定为唯一在 ECRS 鼻息肉中高表达的基因，但该基因在先前的外周血嗜酸性粒细胞 DNA 微阵列分析中并未检测到。TRPV3 是在这里新发现的 ECRS 转录基因。我们的分析还表明，TRPV3 在 ECRS 鼻息肉中的浸润嗜酸性粒细胞和黏膜上皮中高度表达，并且手术后的难治性越严重，鼻息肉中的 TRPV3 表达越高。
TRPV3 可能在 ECRS 的难治性中发挥作用。需要进一步研究 TRPV3 在 ECRS 中的功能。
