Stenzel Tomasz, Koncicki Andrzej
a Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Warmia and Mazury , Olsztyn , Poland.
Vet Q. 2017 Dec;37(1):166-174. doi: 10.1080/01652176.2017.1325972.
The first cases of circovirus infections in pigeons were documented less than 25 years ago. Since then, circovirus infections have been reported on nearly all continents. The specificity of pigeon breeding defies biosecurity principles, which could be the reason for the high prevalence of PiCV infections. PiCV infections in pigeons lead to atrophy of immune system organs and lymphocyte apoptosis. Infected birds could be more susceptible to infections of the respiratory and digestive tract. PiCV has been associated with the young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS). PiCVs are characterized by high levels of genetic diversity due to frequent point mutations, recombination processes in the PiCV genome and positive selection. Genetic recombinations and positive selection play the key role in the evolution of PiCV. A protocol for culturing PiCV under laboratory conditions has not yet been developed, and traditional vaccines against the infection are not available. Recombinant capsid proteins for detecting anti-PiCV antibodies have been obtained, and these antigens can be used in the production of diagnostic tests and subunit vaccines against PiCV infections. However, YPDS has complex etiology, and it remains unknown whether immunization against PiCV alone will contribute to effective control of YPDS.
鸽圆环病毒感染的首例病例记录于不到25年前。从那时起，几乎各大洲都报告了圆环病毒感染情况。信鸽养殖的特殊性违背了生物安全原则，这可能是鸽圆环病毒（PiCV）感染高流行率的原因。鸽感染PiCV会导致免疫系统器官萎缩和淋巴细胞凋亡。受感染的鸽子可能更容易感染呼吸道和消化道疾病。PiCV与幼鸽病综合征（YPDS）有关。由于频繁的点突变、PiCV基因组中的重组过程和正选择，PiCV具有高度的遗传多样性。基因重组和正选择在PiCV的进化中起关键作用。尚未开发出在实验室条件下培养PiCV的方案，也没有针对该感染的传统疫苗。已获得用于检测抗PiCV抗体的重组衣壳蛋白，这些抗原可用于生产针对PiCV感染的诊断测试和亚单位疫苗。然而，YPDS病因复杂，仅针对PiCV进行免疫是否有助于有效控制YPDS仍不清楚。
