Al-Quraishy Saleh, Othman Mohamed S, Dkhil Mohamed A, Abdel Moneim Ahmed Esmat
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Faculty of Preparatory Year, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Jul;91:338-349. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.069. Epub 2017 May 2.
Gastritis is preponderantly characterized by inflammation of the lining epithelial layer and the chronic gastritis is considered as a pre-cancer lesion. For many centuries olive (Olea europaea) leaf has been used for its putative health potential, nonetheless, to date, the gastroprotective effects of olive leaves have not been studied yet. Hence, in this study we investigated whether olive leaf extract (OLE) could protect gastric mucosa against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Hcl/ethanol administration caused significant damage to the gastric mucosa, as confirmed by gastric ulcer index and histological evaluation. However, this damage was largely prevented by pre-administering 20mg/kg omeprazole or 100mg/kg OLE. Interestingly, the damage was completely prevented by pre-administering 200 and 300mg/kg OLE. Moreover, OLE attenuated the inflammatory response by decreasing nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expressions, and down-regulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in gastric mucosa. The gastroprotective mechanism of OLE involved the promotion of enzymatic and nonenzymatic molecules (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione reduced form), promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA expression, halting lipid peroxidation and preventing the overproduction of nitric oxide. Together, our findings clearly demonstrated that OLE could prevent HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis by attenuating inflammation and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. Indeed, OLE could potentially be useful as a natural therapy for gastritis.
胃炎主要特征为胃黏膜上皮层的炎症，而慢性胃炎被视为癌前病变。几个世纪以来，橄榄（油橄榄）叶因其潜在的健康益处而被使用，然而，迄今为止，橄榄叶的胃保护作用尚未得到研究。因此，在本研究中，我们调查了橄榄叶提取物（OLE）是否能保护大鼠胃黏膜免受HCl/乙醇诱导的胃黏膜损伤。HCl/乙醇给药对胃黏膜造成了显著损伤，这通过胃溃疡指数和组织学评估得到证实。然而，预先给予20mg/kg奥美拉唑或100mg/kg OLE可在很大程度上预防这种损伤。有趣的是，预先给予200和300mg/kg OLE可完全预防这种损伤。此外，OLE通过降低核因子-κB（NF-κB）、环氧化酶-2（COX-2）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达，并下调胃黏膜中诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β），减轻了炎症反应。OLE的胃保护机制包括促进酶性和非酶性分子（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和还原型谷胱甘肽），促进核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）mRNA表达，阻止脂质过氧化并防止一氧化氮的过度产生。总之，我们的研究结果清楚地表明，OLE可通过减轻炎症和氧化/抗氧化失衡来预防HCl/乙醇诱导的胃炎。事实上，OLE可能作为胃炎的一种天然治疗方法具有潜在用途。
