Gripari Paola, Muratori Manuela, Fusini Laura, Tamborini Gloria, Pepi Mauro
Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico, Milano, Italy.
J Cardiovasc Echogr. 2014 Jan-Mar;24(1):1-9. doi: 10.4103/2211-4122.131985.
Degenerative mitral valve disease (MVD) is the leading cause of organic mitral regurgitation (MR), one of the most common valvular heart disease in western countries. Substantial progresses in the surgical treatment of degenerative MVD have improved life expectancy of patients with significant MR. However, prognosis, surgical decision and timing of surgery strongly depend on the accurate characterization of mitral valve (MV) anatomy and pathology and on the precise quantification of MR. Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography, a major technological breakthrough in the field of cardiovascular imaging, provides several advantages over two-dimensional (2D) imaging in the qualitative and quantitative evaluations of MV apparatus. In this review, we focus on the contribution of this new modality to the diagnosis of degenerative MVD, the quantitative assessment of MR severity, the selection and monitoring of surgical and percutaneous procedures, the evaluation of procedural outcomes. The results of a systematic and exhaustive search of the existing literature, restricted to real-time 3D echocardiography in adults, are here reported.
退行性二尖瓣疾病（MVD）是器质性二尖瓣反流（MR）的主要原因，而二尖瓣反流是西方国家最常见的瓣膜性心脏病之一。退行性MVD外科治疗的重大进展提高了重度MR患者的预期寿命。然而，预后、手术决策和手术时机很大程度上取决于二尖瓣（MV）解剖结构和病理的准确特征以及MR的精确量化。三维（3D）超声心动图是心血管成像领域的一项重大技术突破，在MV装置的定性和定量评估方面比二维（2D）成像具有多个优势。在本综述中，我们重点关注这种新方法在退行性MVD诊断、MR严重程度的定量评估、手术和经皮手术的选择与监测、手术结果评估方面的贡献。本文报告了对现有文献进行系统全面检索的结果，检索限于成人实时3D超声心动图。
