Wang F Z, Zheng H, Zhang G M, Miao N, Sun X J, Cui F Q
Devinsion 2 of Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Department of National Immunization Programe, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Apr 10;38(4):457-461. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.04.009.
To analyze the sero-epidemiological features of hepatitis B among children aged 1-14 years old who were born to HBsAg positive mothers. Based on the results from the hepatitis B national sero-survey in 2014, children aged 1-14 years old born to HBsAg positive mother were involved in this study. Positive rates on HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc by gender, age, nationality, birth place, residency (urban/rural), region (eastern/central/western) and related factors of HBsAg and anti-HBs for children under research, were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software. A total of 645 children aged 1-14 years old that born to HBsAg positive mothers were analyzed in the study. Positive rates on HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc among these children were 3.41 (22/645), 71.94 (464/645) and 7.60 (49/645), respectively. HBsAg positive rates for children aged 1-2 years, 3-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years appeared 1.27 (3/236), 3.23 (6/186), 5.71 (8/140) and 6.02 (5/83), respectively. The anti-HBs positive rates were 85.17 (201/236), 69.35 (129/186), 56.43 (79/140), 66.27 (55/83) while the anti-HBc positive rates were 4.66 (11/236), 5.38 (10/186), 11.43 (16/140) and 14.46 (12/83), respectively. Results from the multifactor logistic analysis showed that birth place, time of the first dose of HepB inoculation were major influencing factors on the positive rates among children with HBsAg. HBsAg positive rate for the children born outside the hospital was higher than those born in the hospital (=7.47, 95:1.50-37.25). HBsAg positive rate for children with the first dose of HepB inoculation>24 h after birth, was higher than that inoculation within 24 h after birth (=6.21, 95: 2.15-17.99). Some achievements in preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B had been seen in China. Hospital delivery for pregnant women and timely HepB vaccination with birth-dose for the neonates, remained the key strategy on prevention of HBV vertical transmission.
分析HBsAg阳性母亲所生1 - 14岁儿童的乙型肝炎血清流行病学特征。基于2014年全国乙型肝炎血清学调查结果，纳入HBsAg阳性母亲所生1 - 14岁儿童。运用SPSS 18.0统计软件分析研究对象儿童的HBsAg、抗 - HBs、抗 - HBc按性别、年龄、民族、出生地、居住地（城市/农村）、地区（东部/中部/西部）的阳性率以及HBsAg和抗 - HBs的相关因素。本研究共分析了645例HBsAg阳性母亲所生1 - 14岁儿童。这些儿童中HBsAg、抗 - HBs、抗 - HBc的阳性率分别为3.41%（22/645）、71.94%（464/645）和7.60%（49/645）。1 - 2岁、3 - 4岁、5 - 9岁、10 - 14岁儿童的HBsAg阳性率分别为1.27%（3/236）、3.23%（6/186）、5.71%（8/140）和6.02%（5/83）。抗 - HBs阳性率分别为85.17%（201/236）、69.35%（129/186）、56.43%（79/140）、66.27%（55/83），抗 - HBc阳性率分别为4.66%（11/236）、5.38%（10/186）、11.43%（16/140）和14.46%（12/83）。多因素logistic分析结果显示，出生地、首剂乙肝疫苗接种时间是影响儿童HBsAg阳性率的主要因素。院外出生儿童的HBsAg阳性率高于院内出生儿童（=7.47，95%CI：1.50 - 37.25）。首剂乙肝疫苗接种时间>出生后24小时儿童的HBsAg阳性率高于出生后24小时内接种者（=6.21，95%CI：2.15 - 17.99）。我国在预防乙型肝炎母婴传播方面取得了一定成效。孕妇住院分娩及新生儿及时接种首剂乙肝疫苗仍是预防HBV垂直传播的关键策略。
