Sun Peng-Fei, Ding Gui-Chun, Zhang Min-Yu, He Sheng-Nan, Gao Yu, Wang Jian-Hua
Department of Ultrasound, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China.
Department of Ultrasound, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2017 May 5;130(9):1069-1073. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.204923.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformations with high mortality and morbidity. The prevalence of CHD reported previously ranged from 4 per 1000 live births to 50 per 1000 live births. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to document the prevalence of CHD in Langfang district of Hebei Province, China by analyzing data collected by hospitals located in 11 the counties of the district, as supported by a public health campaign.
A total of 67,718 consecutive 3-month-old infants were included from July 19, 2012 to July 18, 2014. Structural abnormalities were diagnosed based on echocardiography findings, including two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography results.
Of the 67,718 infants, 1554 were found to have cardiac structural abnormalities. The total prevalence of CHD was 22.9 per 1000 live births, a value significantly higher than the previously reported prevalence of 8 cases per 1000 live births. The top five most common cardiac abnormalities were as follows: atrial septal defect (ASD, 605 cases, 8.93‰); ventricular septal defect (550 cases, 8.12‰); patent ductus arteriosus (228 cases, 3.37‰); pulmonary stenosis (66 cases, 0.97‰); and tetralogy of Fallot (32 cases, 0.47‰). The CHD prevalence differed by gender in this study ( χ2 = 23.498,P < 0.001), and the majority of ASD cases were females. Regional differences in prevalence were also found ( χ2 = 24.602,P < 0.001); a higher prevalence was found in urban areas (32.2 cases per 1000 live births) than in rural areas (21.1 cases per 1000 live births). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of CHD in preterm versus full-term infants ( χ2 = 133.443,P < 0.001). Prevalence of CHD in infants of maternal aged 35 years or over was significantly higher ( χ2 = 86.917,P < 0.001).
The prevalence of CHD in Langfang district was within the range reported using echocardiography. Echocardiography can be used to early diagnose the CHD.
先天性心脏病（CHD）是最常见的先天性畸形，死亡率和发病率都很高。先前报道的CHD患病率为每1000例活产中有4例至50例。在这项横断面研究中，我们旨在通过分析河北省廊坊地区11个县医院收集的数据，并在一项公共卫生运动的支持下，记录该地区CHD的患病率。
2012年7月19日至2014年7月18日共纳入67718例连续3个月大的婴儿。根据超声心动图检查结果诊断结构异常，包括二维和彩色多普勒超声心动图结果。
在67718例婴儿中，发现1554例有心脏结构异常。CHD的总患病率为每1000例活产中有22.9例，该值显著高于先前报道的每1000例活产中有8例的患病率。最常见的五种心脏异常如下：房间隔缺损（ASD，605例，8.93‰）；室间隔缺损（550例，8.12‰）；动脉导管未闭（228例，3.37‰）；肺动脉狭窄（66例，0.97‰）；法洛四联症（32例，0.47‰）。本研究中CHD患病率在性别上存在差异（χ2 = 23.498，P < 0.001），且大多数ASD病例为女性。患病率在地区上也存在差异（χ2 = 24.602，P < 0.001）；城市地区患病率（每1000例活产中有32.2例）高于农村地区（每1000例活产中有21.1例）。早产儿与足月儿的CHD患病率存在显著差异（χ2 = 133.443，P < 0.001）。母亲年龄在35岁及以上的婴儿中CHD患病率显著更高（χ2 = 86.917，P < 0.001）。
廊坊地区CHD患病率在使用超声心动图报告的范围内。超声心动图可用于早期诊断CHD。
