Al Bshabshe Ali, Alfaifi Musa, Alsayed Ahmed Fouad
Department of Medicine and Critical Care, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Asser Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Avicenna J Med. 2017 Apr-Jun;7(2):51-53. doi: 10.4103/2231-0770.203606.
Black widow spiders are one of the most poisonous species to humans; there are more than 30 species of widow spiders in the globe but good thing that not all of them are dangerous. Some of these spiders produce toxic venoms, which cause broad spectrum of clinical manifestations including skin lesions, neurotoxicity, cardiac toxicity and death in some occasions. In Saudi Arabia there were no much reports of black widow spider bites apart from the case series by BUCUR and his group in ALBAHA region.
In 2 years period a total of 8 patients were presented to the emergency departments diagnosed to have black widow spider bites based on description by the patients.
100 % of the cohort were males, aged between 25-58 years. The time between bite and presentation to emergency room was one hour in average (30 min to 4 hours). 75% occured during summer season. All of them 100% had one bite only and reported the bite to be at nighttime in 75% of the times. The average pain score at presentation was 4 /10.100% of the bites were in the lower extremities and almost all progressed to have lower back pain. Three patients had gastrointestinal tract manifestation in form of abdominal cramps and nausea. One had bilateral ptosis, none of them had cardiac or pulmonary complications. The outcome was excellent in all patients and the average of hospital stay was 2.5 days (1-5).
黑寡妇蜘蛛是对人类毒性最强的物种之一；全球有30多种寡妇蜘蛛，但好在并非所有蜘蛛都具有危险性。其中一些蜘蛛会产生有毒毒液，可导致广泛的临床表现，包括皮肤损伤、神经毒性、心脏毒性，在某些情况下还会导致死亡。在沙特阿拉伯，除了布库尔及其团队在阿尔巴哈地区发表的病例系列报告外，关于黑寡妇蜘蛛咬伤的报道并不多。
在两年时间里，共有8名患者因患者描述被诊断为黑寡妇蜘蛛咬伤而被送往急诊科。
该队列患者均为男性，年龄在25至58岁之间。咬伤至就诊于急诊室的平均时间为1小时（30分钟至4小时）。75%的咬伤事件发生在夏季。所有患者均仅被叮咬一次，且75%的患者称叮咬发生在夜间。就诊时的平均疼痛评分为4/10。100%的咬伤发生在下肢，几乎所有患者都出现了下背部疼痛。3名患者出现了以腹部绞痛和恶心为表现形式的胃肠道症状。1名患者出现双侧上睑下垂，他们均未出现心脏或肺部并发症。所有患者预后良好，平均住院天数为2.5天（1至5天）。
