Chiang Hsieh Lin-Han, Noonan Douglas
Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd.,, Taoyuan City, 32023, Taiwan.
Director of Research, School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University Public Policy Institute, 420 University Blvd., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Environ Manage. 2017 Aug;60(2):231-242. doi: 10.1007/s00267-017-0869-5. Epub 2017 May 3.
This study determines the magnitude of the market signaling effect arising from Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certification for green buildings and explores the mechanisms behind the signaling effect. Previous studies have shown that signaling or marketability plays an important role in the pursuit for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and equivalent green-building certification. By analyzing all new construction projects receiving Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certification from 2000 to 2012 in the US, this study estimates the relative importance of 'green' signaling. This broad perspective using project-level data enables an analysis of some drivers of signaling and the pursuit of marketing benefits. The roles of local competition and market conditions, as well as municipal regulations are examined, especially as they differ between types of building owners (e.g., for-profit firms, governments, nonprofits). The results indicate that the non-building performance value-value captured by Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design signals above and beyond the specific building attributes that Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certifies-dominates the attainment of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design scores around certification tier thresholds. Further, strong evidence of spatial clustering of this non-building performance value for some owner types indicates that for-profit owners may be more responsive to local competition than non-profit owners. Local legislative mandates predict greater signaling intensity by government-owned buildings, as expected, but for-profit-owned projects tend to signal less, even after controls for local conditions. The results highlight the importance of local conditions, including peer effects and regulations, in driving non-building performance values across a wide range of green buildings.
本研究确定了绿色建筑能源与环境设计先锋（LEED）认证所产生的市场信号效应的大小，并探讨了该信号效应背后的机制。先前的研究表明，信号传递或市场适销性在追求能源与环境设计先锋及同等绿色建筑认证方面发挥着重要作用。通过分析2000年至2012年在美国获得能源与环境设计先锋认证的所有新建项目，本研究估计了“绿色”信号的相对重要性。这种使用项目层面数据的广泛视角有助于分析信号传递的一些驱动因素以及对营销效益的追求。研究考察了当地竞争和市场条件以及市政法规的作用，尤其是它们在不同类型建筑业主（例如，营利性公司、政府、非营利组织）之间的差异。结果表明，能源与环境设计先锋认证所传达的非建筑性能价值——超出能源与环境设计先锋认证所涵盖的特定建筑属性——在认证等级阈值附近主导着能源与环境设计先锋得分的获得。此外，对于某些业主类型，这种非建筑性能价值存在空间聚集的有力证据表明，营利性业主可能比非营利性业主对当地竞争更敏感。正如预期的那样，地方立法规定预测政府所有的建筑信号强度更高，但即使在对当地条件进行控制之后，营利性业主的项目往往信号较少。研究结果凸显了当地条件（包括同行效应和法规）在推动各类绿色建筑的非建筑性能价值方面的重要性。
