Lee Christina, Geng Shuo, Zhang Yao, Rahtes Allison, Li Liwu
Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; and.
Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
J Leukoc Biol. 2017 Sep;102(3):719-726. doi: 10.1189/jlb.6MR0117-027RR. Epub 2017 May 5.
The field of innate immunity is witnessing a paradigm shift regarding "memory" and "programming" dynamics. Past studies of innate leukocytes characterized them as first responders to danger signals with no memory. However, recent findings suggest that innate leukocytes, such as monocytes and neutrophils, are capable of "memorizing" not only the chemical nature but also the history and dosages of external stimulants. As a consequence, innate leukocytes can be dynamically programmed or reprogrammed into complex inflammatory memory states. Key examples of innate leukocyte memory dynamics include the development of primed and tolerant monocytes when "programmed" with a variety of inflammatory stimulants at varying signal strengths. The development of innate leukocyte memory may have far-reaching translational implications, as programmed innate leukocytes may affect the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. This review intends to critically discuss some of the recent studies that address this emerging concept and its implication in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.
固有免疫领域正在经历一场关于“记忆”和“编程”动态变化的范式转变。过去对固有白细胞的研究将它们描述为对危险信号的第一反应者，没有记忆。然而，最近的研究结果表明，诸如单核细胞和中性粒细胞等固有白细胞不仅能够“记住”外部刺激物的化学性质，还能记住其历史和剂量。因此，固有白细胞可以被动态编程或重新编程为复杂的炎症记忆状态。固有白细胞记忆动态变化的关键例子包括当用各种不同信号强度的炎症刺激物进行“编程”时，引发性单核细胞和耐受性单核细胞的形成。固有白细胞记忆的发展可能具有深远的转化意义，因为经过编程的固有白细胞可能会影响急性和慢性炎症性疾病的发病机制。本综述旨在批判性地讨论一些涉及这一新兴概念及其在炎症性疾病发病机制中的意义的近期研究。
