Malik Sakshi, Dardalhon Valerie, Awasthi Amit
Center for Human Microbial Ecology (CHME), Translational Health Science & Technology Institute (THTI), 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121 001, Haryana, India.
Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5535, Université de Montpellier, 34293, Montpellier, France.
Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1585:201-216. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6877-0_16.
Encephalitogenic and colitogenic effector T cells have been implicated in the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), respectively. Effector functions of Th1 and Th17 cells have been well characterized and described for the induction and development of EAE and IBD; however, the recently identified Th9 cells have also been suggested to play an important role in these autoimmune pathologies. Th9 cells, primarily characterized by their high level of production of IL-9, are not only essential in controlling extracellular pathogens but also contribute to the development of autoimmunity and allergic inflammation. Furthermore, it was also demonstrated that IL-9 promotes Th17 cell-mediated tissue pathology in EAE and it compromises the barrier functions of the gut in IBD. In vivo adoptive transfer of in vitro differentiated Th9 cells induces the development of autoimmune tissue inflammation in EAE and IBD. Here we describe methods for in vitro differentiation of naïve murine CD4+ T cells to generate IL-9-producing Th9 cells and follow their effector functions in EAE and IBD murine models.
致脑炎性和致结肠炎性效应T细胞分别与实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）和炎症性肠病（IBD）的诱导有关。Th1和Th17细胞的效应功能在EAE和IBD的诱导和发展过程中已得到充分表征和描述；然而，最近发现的Th9细胞也被认为在这些自身免疫性疾病中起重要作用。Th9细胞主要以其高水平产生IL-9为特征，不仅在控制细胞外病原体方面至关重要，而且还参与自身免疫和过敏性炎症的发展。此外，还证明IL-9在EAE中促进Th17细胞介导的组织病理变化，并且在IBD中损害肠道屏障功能。体外分化的Th9细胞的体内过继转移可诱导EAE和IBD中自身免疫性组织炎症的发展。在此，我们描述了将幼稚小鼠CD4+T细胞体外分化以产生分泌IL-9的Th9细胞的方法，并在EAE和IBD小鼠模型中追踪其效应功能。
