Parra Johanna, de Suremain Aurelie, Berne Audeoud Frederique, Ego Anne, Debillon Thierry
Intensive and Regular Neonatal Care Unit, CHR Chambery, Chambéry, France.
Intensive and Regular Neonatal Care Unit, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
Acta Paediatr. 2017 Dec;106(12):1909-1914. doi: 10.1111/apa.13906. Epub 2017 Jun 5.
This study measured sound levels in a 2008 built French neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and compared them to the 2007 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations. The ultimate aim was to identify factors that could influence noise levels.
The study measured sound in 17 single or double rooms in the NICU. Two dosimeters were installed in each room, one inside and one outside the incubators, and these conducted measurements over a 24-hour period. The noise metrics measured were the equivalent continuous sound level (L ), the maximum noise level (L ) and the noise level exceeded for 10% of the measurement period (L ).
The mean L , L and L were 60.4, 62.1 and 89.1 decibels (dBA), which exceeded the recommended levels of 45, 50 and 65 dBA (p < 0.001), respectively. The L inside the incubator was significantly higher than in the room (+8 dBA, p < 0.001). None of the newborns' characteristics, the environment or medical care was correlated to an increased noise level, except for a postconceptional age below 32 weeks.
The sound levels significantly exceeded the AAP recommendations, particularly inside incubators. A multipronged strategy is required to improve the sound environment and protect the neonates' sensory development.
本研究测量了2008年建成的法国新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的声音水平，并将其与2007年美国儿科学会（AAP）的建议进行比较。最终目的是确定可能影响噪音水平的因素。
该研究在新生儿重症监护病房的17个单人或双人房间测量声音。每个房间安装了两个剂量计，一个在恒温箱内，一个在恒温箱外，这些剂量计在24小时内进行测量。测量的噪音指标为等效连续声级（L ）、最大噪音水平（L ）以及在10%的测量期间超过的噪音水平（L ）。
L 、L 和L 的平均值分别为60.4、62.1和89.1分贝（dBA），分别超过了建议水平45、50和65 dBA（p < 0.001）。恒温箱内的L 明显高于房间内（高8 dBA，p < 0.001）。除了孕龄低于32周外，新生儿的特征、环境或医疗护理与噪音水平升高均无相关性。
声音水平显著超过了美国儿科学会的建议，尤其是在恒温箱内。需要采取多管齐下的策略来改善声音环境并保护新生儿的感官发育。
