小学棒球运动员的肩肘疼痛：日本全国性调查结果
Shoulder and elbow pain in elementary school baseball players: The results from a nation-wide survey in Japan.
作者信息
Takagishi Kenji, Matsuura Tetsuya, Masatomi Takashi, Chosa Etsuo, Tajika Tsuyoshi, Watanabe Mikihiko, Iwama Tetsu, Otani Toshiro, Inagaki Katsunori, Ikegami Hiroyasu, Aoki Mitsuhiro, Kato Ko, Okuwaki Toru, Sairyo Koichi, Kameyama Yasushi, Maeda Akira, Beppu Moroe
机构信息
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saint-Pierre Hospital, 786-7, Kamisano-machi, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0857, Japan.
Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
出版信息
J Orthop Sci. 2017 Jul;22(4):682-686. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2017.03.016. Epub 2017 May 3.
BACKGROUND
Despite recommendations on how to prevent baseball injuries in youths by the Japanese Society of Clinical Sports Medicine, shoulder and elbow pain still frequently occurs in young baseball players. We conducted a questionnaire survey among baseball players at elementary schools across the country to understand the practice conditions of players, examining the risk factors of shoulder and elbow pain in baseball players.
METHODS
The questionnaire survey was conducted among elementary school baseball players as members of the Baseball Federation of Japan in September 2015.
RESULTS
A total of 8354 players belonging to 412 teams (average age: 8.9) responded to the survey. Among 7894 players who did not have any shoulder and/or elbow pain in September 2014, elbow pain was experienced in 12.3% of them, shoulder pain in 8.0% and shoulder and/or elbow pain in 17.4% during the previous one year. A total of 2835 (39.9% of the total) practiced four days or more per week and 97.6% practiced 3 h or more per day on Saturdays and Sundays. The risk factors associated shoulder and elbow pain included a male sex, older age, pitchers and catchers, and players throwing more than 50 balls per day.
CONCLUSIONS
It has been revealed that Japanese elementary school baseball players train too much. Coaches should pay attention to older players, male players, pitchers and catchers in order to prevent shoulder and elbow pain. Furthermore, elementary school baseball players should not be allowed to throw more than 50 balls per day.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.
背景
尽管日本临床运动医学协会给出了预防青少年棒球运动损伤的建议，但年轻棒球运动员的肩部和肘部疼痛仍频繁发生。我们在全国范围内对小学生棒球运动员进行了问卷调查，以了解运动员的训练情况，研究棒球运动员肩部和肘部疼痛的风险因素。
方法
2015年9月，对作为日本棒球联盟成员的小学生棒球运动员进行了问卷调查。
结果
共有来自412个球队的8354名运动员（平均年龄：8.9岁）参与了调查。在2014年9月没有任何肩部和/或肘部疼痛的7894名运动员中，有12.3%的人在过去一年中经历过肘部疼痛，8.0%的人经历过肩部疼痛，17.4%的人经历过肩部和/或肘部疼痛。共有2835人（占总数的39.9%）每周训练四天或更多，97.6%的人在周六和周日每天训练3小时或更长时间。与肩部和肘部疼痛相关的风险因素包括男性、年龄较大、投手和捕手，以及每天投球超过50次的运动员。
结论
已发现日本小学生棒球运动员训练过度。为预防肩部和肘部疼痛，教练应关注年龄较大的运动员、男性运动员、投手和捕手。此外，不应允许小学生棒球运动员每天投球超过50次。
研究设计
回顾性队列研究。
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