Böhm Leonard, Düring Rolf-Alexander, Bruckert Hans-Jörg, Schlechtriem Christian
Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Schmallenberg, Germany.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2017 Nov;36(11):2887-2894. doi: 10.1002/etc.3854. Epub 2017 Jun 26.
With the aim to refine water analysis in fish bioconcentration studies, automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used as an alternative approach to conventional solvent extraction (liquid-liquid extraction [LLE]) for the extraction of 3 hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs; log K 5.5-7.8) from flow-through studies with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The results showed that total concentrations extracted by SPME combined with internal standards and LLE are equal. The results further verify the possibility of simultaneous extraction of total and freely dissolved HOC concentrations by SPME. Freely dissolved concentrations allow the assessment of sorption and bioavailability of HOCs in bioconcentration studies and their potential impact on resulting bioconcentration factors (BCFs). Reduction in freely dissolved water concentrations can result in an underestimation of BCFs if they are calculated based on total water concentrations. For polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 153, a significant increase in BCF value was observed when freely dissolved concentrations were taken into account. However, log BCF values calculated based on freely dissolved concentrations did not correlate linearly with log K values above 5 to 6. This pointed to further influences besides a reduction in freely dissolved water concentrations by sorption to organic matter. The results can aid in assessment of the factors that influence bioconcentration systems and also give important information regarding the possible replacement of LLE by SPME for water analysis of highly HOCs in fish bioconcentration studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2887-2894. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
为了优化鱼类生物富集研究中的水分析，采用自动固相微萃取（SPME）作为传统溶剂萃取（液液萃取[LLE]）的替代方法，从虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）的流通实验中萃取3种疏水性有机化合物（HOCs；log K 5.5 - 7.8）。结果表明，SPME结合内标法和LLE萃取的总浓度相等。结果进一步验证了通过SPME同时萃取总HOC浓度和自由溶解HOC浓度的可能性。自由溶解浓度有助于在生物富集研究中评估HOCs的吸附和生物可利用性及其对生物富集因子（BCFs）的潜在影响。如果基于总水浓度计算BCFs，自由溶解水浓度的降低可能导致BCFs被低估。对于多氯联苯（PCB）153，考虑自由溶解浓度时观察到BCF值显著增加。然而，基于自由溶解浓度计算的log BCF值与log K值在5至6以上时并非线性相关。这表明除了通过吸附到有机物上导致自由溶解水浓度降低之外，还有其他影响因素。这些结果有助于评估影响生物富集系统的因素，也为鱼类生物富集研究中高HOCs水分析用SPME替代LLE提供了重要信息。《环境毒理学与化学》2017年；36：2887 - 2894。© 2017作者。《环境毒理学与化学》由Wiley Periodicals, Inc.代表SETAC出版。
