Sousa Mariana M DE, Colpo Karine D
Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"/ UNESP, Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, Caixa Postal 73601, 11380-972 São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
Instituto de Limnología Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet - ILPLA, CONICET, UNLP, Boulevard 120 & 60. La Plata, Buenos Aires, CP 1900, Argentina.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2017 Apr-Jun;89(2):1085-1093. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160702. Epub 2017 May 2.
It is not unusual to find epiphytic bromeliads in mangroves, but most studies on mangrove vegetation do not record their presence. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity and distribution of epiphytic bromeliads in a subtropical mangrove. The richness, abundance and life form (atmospheric and tank) of bromeliads were recorded and compared among host tree species and waterline proximity. The effects of diameter and height of host trees on the abundance of bromeliads were also assessed. The mangrove was composed of Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle. We recorded seven bromeliad species of the genera Tillandsia and Vriesea. The waterline proximity did not affect the abundance or diversity of bromeliads, but atmospheric forms were predominant near the waterline, whereas tank bromeliads were more frequent in the interior of the mangrove. The three mangrove species hosted bromeliads, but L. racemosa was the preferred host. The species composition showed that the distribution of bromeliads is more related to the host species than to the distance from the waterline. Bromeliad abundance increased with tree size. Bromeliads can be biological indicators of ecosystem health; therefore, inventories and host tree preferences are necessary knowledge for an adequate management of sensitive ecosystems as mangroves.
在红树林中发现附生凤梨科植物并不罕见，但大多数关于红树林植被的研究并未记录它们的存在。本研究旨在评估亚热带红树林中附生凤梨科植物的多样性和分布情况。记录了凤梨科植物的丰富度、丰度和生活型（气生型和贮水型），并在寄主树种和与水线的接近程度之间进行比较。还评估了寄主树的直径和高度对凤梨科植物丰度的影响。该红树林由黑面神、拉贡木和红树组成。我们记录了铁兰属和丽穗凤梨属的七种凤梨科植物。与水线的接近程度并未影响凤梨科植物的丰度或多样性，但气生型在水线附近占主导地位，而贮水型凤梨科植物在红树林内部更为常见。这三种红树林树种都有凤梨科植物附生，但拉贡木是首选寄主。物种组成表明，凤梨科植物的分布与寄主树种的关系比与距水线的距离更为密切。凤梨科植物的丰度随树的大小而增加。凤梨科植物可以作为生态系统健康的生物指标；因此，清单和寄主树偏好是对红树林等敏感生态系统进行适当管理的必要知识。
