Davis Tara M, Hill Benjamin D, Evans Kelli J, Tiffin Shelby, Stanley Nicholas, Fields Kelly, Russ Katherine, Bindele Huybrechts Frazier, Gordon-Hickey Susan
Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology (Drs Davis and Gordon-Hickey, Ms Tiffin, and Mr Stanley), Department of Psychology (Dr Hill and Mss Fields and Russ), and Department of Mathematics and Statistics (Dr Bindele), University of South Alabama, Mobile; and Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western Washington University, Bellingham (Dr Evans).
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2017 Jul/Aug;32(4):E27-E36. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000264.
To measure the effect of traumatic brain injury on the cognitive processing of words, as measured by the P300, in a semantic categorization task.
Eight adults with a history of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury and 8 age- and gender-matched controls.
A pilot study measuring cognitive event-related potentials in response to word pairs that were either in same or different semantic categories.
The P300 (P3b) component of the auditory event-related potential and neuropsychological assessment.
Two patterns of P300 amplitude related to brain injury were observed. Participants with poorer performance on neuropsychological tests exhibited reduced P300 amplitude as compared to controls but showed the typical P300 parietal scalp distribution. In contrast, better performing participants demonstrated robust P300 amplitude but a substantially altered scalp distribution, characterized by the recruitment of anterior brain regions in addition to parietal activation.
The recruitment of frontal areas after traumatic brain injury may represent compensatory neural mechanisms utilized to successfully maximize task performance. The P300 in a semantic processing paradigm may be a sensitive marker of neural plasticity that could be used to improve functional outcomes in cognitive remediation paradigms.
在语义分类任务中，通过P300测量创伤性脑损伤对单词认知加工的影响。
8名有中度至重度创伤性脑损伤病史的成年人以及8名年龄和性别匹配的对照组。
一项初步研究，测量对处于相同或不同语义类别的单词对做出反应时的认知事件相关电位。
听觉事件相关电位的P300（P3b）成分以及神经心理学评估。
观察到与脑损伤相关的两种P300振幅模式。在神经心理学测试中表现较差的参与者与对照组相比，P300振幅降低，但显示出典型的P300顶叶头皮分布。相比之下，表现较好的参与者表现出较强的P300振幅，但头皮分布有显著改变，其特征是除了顶叶激活外，还募集了前脑区域。
创伤性脑损伤后额叶区域的募集可能代表了为成功最大化任务表现而利用的代偿性神经机制。语义加工范式中的P300可能是神经可塑性的一个敏感标志物，可用于改善认知康复范式中的功能结果。
