Desalu Jessica M, Zaso Michelle J, Kim Jueun, Belote John M, Park Aesoon
Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York.
Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York.
Am J Addict. 2017 Jun;26(4):349-356. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12532.
Although alcohol-facilitating social environmental factors, such as alcohol offers and high perceived peer drinking norms, have been extensively studied as determinants of college drinking, their role among college students of African descent remains understudied. Furthermore, gene-environment interaction research suggests that the effects of alcohol-facilitating environments may differ as a function of genetic factors. Specifically, the alcohol dehydrogenase gene's ADH1B3 allele, found almost exclusively in persons of African descent, may modulate the association of risky social environments with alcohol behaviors. The current study examined whether the ADH1B3 allele attenuated the relationship between alcohol-facilitating environments (ie, alcohol offers and perceived peer drinking norms) and alcohol behaviors.
Participants were 241 undergraduate students who self-identified as being of African descent (mean age = 20 years [SD = 4.11]; 66% female).
Significant interaction effects of ADH1B3 with alcohol offers were found on alcohol use frequency (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.14) and on drinking consequences (IRR = 1.21). ADH1B3 also interacted with perceived peer norms on drinking consequences (IRR = 1.41). Carriers of the ADH1B*3 allele drank less frequently and experienced fewer negative consequences than non-carriers when exposed to lower levels of alcohol offers and perceived peer drinking. In contrast, in high alcohol-facilitating environments, no protective genetic effect was observed.
This study demonstrates that ADH1B*3 may protect college students of African descent against alcohol outcomes, although only in low alcohol-facilitating environments.
Findings add to the growing body of knowledge regarding genetic and social determinants of alcohol behaviors among college students of African descent. (Am J Addict 2017;26:349-356).
尽管诸如提供酒精以及较高的同伴饮酒感知规范等促进饮酒的社会环境因素，已被广泛研究作为大学生饮酒的决定因素，但它们在非洲裔大学生中的作用仍未得到充分研究。此外，基因 - 环境相互作用研究表明，促进饮酒环境的影响可能因遗传因素而异。具体而言，几乎仅在非洲裔人群中发现的酒精脱氢酶基因的ADH1B3等位基因，可能调节危险社会环境与饮酒行为之间的关联。本研究调查了ADH1B3等位基因是否减弱了促进饮酒环境（即提供酒精和同伴饮酒感知规范）与饮酒行为之间的关系。
参与者为241名自我认定为非洲裔的本科生（平均年龄 = 20岁[标准差 = 4.11]；66%为女性）。
发现ADH1B3与提供酒精之间在饮酒频率（发病率比[IRR] = 1.14）和饮酒后果（IRR = 1.21）上存在显著的交互作用。ADH1B3在饮酒后果方面也与同伴感知规范存在交互作用（IRR = 1.41）。当暴露于较低水平的酒精提供和同伴饮酒感知时，ADH1B*3等位基因携带者的饮酒频率较低，且负面后果较少。相比之下，在促进饮酒程度高的环境中，未观察到保护性遗传效应。
本研究表明，ADH1B*3可能保护非洲裔大学生免受饮酒不良后果的影响，尽管仅在促进饮酒程度低的环境中如此。
研究结果增加了关于非洲裔大学生饮酒行为的遗传和社会决定因素的知识体系。（《美国成瘾杂志》2017年；26:349 - 356）
