Department of Radiological Life Sciences, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori, 036-8564, Japan.
Department of Disability and Health, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori, 036-8564, Japan.
Nutr J. 2017 May 12;16(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s12937-017-0248-3.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate much of the DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation. Among carotenoids, lycopene and β-carotene, present in tomato juice, are known to be strong radical scavengers. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of tomato juice intake on the levels of DNA damage and oxidative stress in human whole blood induced by in vitro exposure to X-rays.
Ten healthy adults were asked to drink 190 g of tomato juice, containing 17 mg lycopene and 0.25 mg β-carotene, per day for 3 weeks and then refrain from drinking it for 3 weeks. Peripheral whole blood samples were collected before and after the intake period of tomato juice and after the washout period. The blood samples were exposed in vitro to X-ray doses of 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 2 Gy. Cytogenetic damage was measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay and the dicentrics (DIC) assay. The level of oxidative stress was determined using serum 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and plasma reactive oxygen metabolite-derived compounds (d-ROMs). The concentration of carotenoids in plasma was measured at the three time points.
The levels of 8-oxo-dG tended to decrease during the intake period and increase during the washout period. A non-significant inverse correlation was noted between the plasma concentration of lycopene plus β-carotene and the level of 8-oxo-dG (P = 0.064). The radiation-induced MN and DIC frequencies increased in a dose-dependent manner, and when compared at the same dose, the MN and DIC frequencies decreased during the intake period compared with those at baseline and then increased during the washout period. The results suggest that continuous tomato juice consumption non-significantly decreases extracellular 8-oxo-dG, d-ROMs, and MN. Tomato juice intake had minimal or no effect on radiation-induced 8-oxo-dG and d-ROMs. For most radiation doses, continuously tomato juice intake lowered the levels of MN and DIC.
Tomato juice consumption may suppress human lymphocyte DNA damage caused by radiation, but further examination is required.
2014-001 and 2014-R06.
活性氧（ROS）介导了电离辐射引起的大部分 DNA 损伤。番茄汁中的番茄红素和β-胡萝卜素是众所周知的强自由基清除剂。本研究旨在探讨体外 X 射线照射下人全血 DNA 损伤和氧化应激水平受番茄汁摄入的影响。
10 名健康成年人每天饮用 190 克番茄汁（含 17 毫克番茄红素和 0.25 毫克β-胡萝卜素），持续 3 周，然后停止饮用 3 周。在摄入番茄汁前后和洗脱期后采集外周全血样本。血液样本在体外接受 0、0.1、0.5 和 2 Gy 的 X 射线剂量照射。采用胞质分裂阻断微核（CBMN）试验和双着丝粒（DIC）试验检测细胞遗传损伤。使用血清 8-氧-7,8-二氢-2-脱氧鸟苷（8-oxo-dG）和血浆活性氧代谢产物衍生化合物（d-ROMs）测定氧化应激水平。在三个时间点测量血浆中类胡萝卜素的浓度。
8-oxo-dG 水平在摄入期间趋于下降，在洗脱期间上升。血浆番茄红素和β-胡萝卜素浓度与 8-oxo-dG 水平呈负相关（P=0.064）。MN 和 DIC 频率随辐射剂量呈依赖性增加，在相同剂量下，与基线相比，摄入期间 MN 和 DIC 频率降低，然后在洗脱期间升高。结果表明，连续摄入番茄汁可显著降低细胞外 8-oxo-dG、d-ROMs 和 MN。番茄汁摄入对辐射诱导的 8-oxo-dG 和 d-ROMs 影响较小或无影响。对于大多数辐射剂量，连续摄入番茄汁可降低 MN 和 DIC 的水平。
番茄汁的摄入可能抑制辐射引起的人淋巴细胞 DNA 损伤，但需要进一步研究。
2014-001 和 2014-R06。
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