Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar 751015, India.
J Integr Med. 2017 May;15(3):231-241. doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(17)60326-1.
Geophila repens (L.) I. M. Johnst. (Rubiaceae), a small, creeping, perennial herb, is claimed to have memory-enhancing property. The goal of this study was to assess its antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity and conduct a rapid bioautographic enzyme assay for screening acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition of G. repens extracts.
Antioxidant activity of G. repens extracts was assessed by performing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide (SOD), hydroxyl (OH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. Anticholinesterase activity was investigated by quantifying the AChE and BChE inhibitory activities of chloroform (CGR), ethyl acetate (EGR) and methanol (MGR) extract fractions from G. repens leaves. A rapid high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) bioautographic method for the detection of AChE and BChE inhibition was performed.
Among all extract fractions, EGR exhibited the highest half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) in DPPH, SOD, NO, OH and TAC assays, with IC of (38.33 ± 3.21), (45.14 ± 1.78), (59.81 ± 1.32), (39.45 ± 0.79) and (43.76 ± 0.81) μg/mL respectively. EGR displayed competitive, reversible inhibition of AChE and BChE activities with IC of (68.63 ± 0.45) and (59.45 ± 0.45) μg/mL, respectively. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents of EGR were found to be 360.42 mg gallic acid equivalents and 257.31 mg quercetin equivalents per gram of extract. Phytoconstituents of the EGR extract that were inhibitors of cholinesterase produced white spots on the yellow background of HPTLC plates in the bioautographic test.
The results of this study revealed that phenols and flavonoids could be responsible for the antioxidant, anticholinesterase activities of G. repens.
地锦草（L.）I. M. Johnst.（茜草科）是一种小型匍匐多年生草本植物，据称具有增强记忆力的特性。本研究的目的是评估其抗氧化和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）抑制的快速生物自显影酶测定筛选地锦草提取物的抗氧化和抗胆碱酯酶活性。
通过 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）、一氧化氮（NO）、超氧化物（SOD）、羟基（OH）和总抗氧化能力（TAC）测定评估地锦草提取物的抗氧化活性。通过定量测定地锦草叶中氯仿（CGR）、乙酸乙酯（EGR）和甲醇（MGR）提取物部分的 AChE 和 BChE 抑制活性来研究抗胆碱酯酶活性。进行了快速高效薄层色谱（HPTLC）生物自显影法检测 AChE 和 BChE 抑制。
在所有提取物部分中，EGR 在 DPPH、SOD、NO、OH 和 TAC 测定中表现出最高的半最大抑制浓度（IC），IC 分别为（38.33±3.21）、（45.14±1.78）、（59.81±1.32）、（39.45±0.79）和（43.76±0.81）μg/mL。EGR 对 AChE 和 BChE 活性表现出竞争性、可逆抑制，IC 分别为（68.63±0.45）和（59.45±0.45）μg/mL。EGR 的总酚和类黄酮含量分别为每克提取物 360.42 毫克没食子酸当量和 257.31 毫克槲皮素当量。胆碱酯酶抑制剂的 EGR 提取物中的植物成分在生物自显影试验中在黄色背景上产生了白色斑点。
本研究结果表明，酚类和类黄酮可能是地锦草抗氧化、抗胆碱酯酶活性的原因。
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