Black Nicola, Mullan Barbara, Sharpe Louise
Health Psychology Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, 2nd Floor, Health SciencesBuilding Foresterhill, The University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom.
School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
Addict Behav. 2017 Oct;73:111-118. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.04.017. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
Alcohol consumption contributes significantly to the global burden from disease and injury, and specific patterns of heavy episodic drinking contribute uniquely to this burden. Temporal self-regulation theory and the dual-process model describe similar theoretical constructs that might predict heavy episodic drinking. The aims of this study were to test the utility of temporal self-regulation theory in predicting heavy episodic drinking, and examine whether the theoretical relationships suggested by the dual-process model significantly extend temporal self-regulation theory.
This was a predictive study with 149 Australian adults. Measures were questionnaires (self-report habit index, cues to action scale, purpose-made intention questionnaire, timeline follow-back questionnaire) and executive function tasks (Stroop, Tower of London, operation span). Participants completed measures of theoretical constructs at baseline and reported their alcohol consumption two weeks later. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple linear regression.
Temporal self-regulation theory significantly predicted heavy episodic drinking (R=48.0-54.8%, p<0.001) and the hypothesised extension significantly improved the prediction of heavy episodic drinking frequency (ΔR=4.5%, p=0.001) but not peak consumption (ΔR=1.4%, p=0.181). Intention and behavioural prepotency directly predicted heavy episodic drinking (p<0.01). Planning ability moderated the intention-behaviour relationship and inhibitory control moderated the behavioural prepotency-behaviour relationship (p<0.05).
Both temporal self-regulation theory and the extended temporal self-regulation theory provide good prediction of heavy episodic drinking. Intention, behavioural prepotency, planning ability and inhibitory control may be good targets for interventions designed to decrease heavy episodic drinking.
酒精消费对全球疾病和伤害负担有重大影响，而特定的大量饮酒模式对这一负担有着独特的贡献。时间自我调节理论和双过程模型描述了可能预测大量饮酒的类似理论结构。本研究的目的是测试时间自我调节理论在预测大量饮酒方面的效用，并检验双过程模型所提出的理论关系是否能显著扩展时间自我调节理论。
这是一项对149名澳大利亚成年人进行的预测性研究。测量工具包括问卷（自我报告习惯指数、行动线索量表、特制意图问卷、时间线回溯问卷）和执行功能任务（斯特鲁普任务、伦敦塔任务、操作广度任务）。参与者在基线时完成理论结构的测量，并在两周后报告他们的酒精消费量。数据采用分层多元线性回归进行分析。
时间自我调节理论显著预测了大量饮酒（R=48.0-54.8%，p<0.001），假设的扩展显著改善了对大量饮酒频率的预测（ΔR=4.5%，p=0.001），但对峰值饮酒量的预测没有改善（ΔR=1.4%，p=0.181）。意图和行为优势直接预测了大量饮酒（p<0.01）。计划能力调节了意图-行为关系，抑制控制调节了行为优势-行为关系（p<0.05）。
时间自我调节理论和扩展的时间自我调节理论都能很好地预测大量饮酒。意图、行为优势、计划能力和抑制控制可能是旨在减少大量饮酒的干预措施的良好目标。
