Fernie Bruce A, Bharucha Zinnia, Nikčević Ana V, Spada Marcantonio M
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Henry Wellcome Building, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK.
HIV Liaison Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
J Ration Emot Cogn Behav Ther. 2017;35(2):136-149. doi: 10.1007/s10942-016-0247-x. Epub 2016 Aug 11.
Procrastination refers to the delay or postponement of a task or decision and is often conceptualised as a failure of self-regulation. Recent research has suggested that procrastination could be delineated into two domains: intentional and unintentional. In this two-study paper, we aimed to develop a measure of unintentional procrastination (named the Unintentional Procrastination Scale or the 'UPS') and test whether this would be a stronger marker of psychopathology than intentional and general procrastination. In Study 1, a community sample of 139 participants completed a questionnaire that consisted of several items pertaining to unintentional procrastination that had been derived from theory, previous research, and clinical experience. Responses were subjected to a principle components analysis and assessment of internal consistency. In Study 2, a community sample of 155 participants completed the newly developed scale, along with measures of general and intentional procrastination, metacognitions about procrastination, and negative affect. Data from the UPS were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis and revised accordingly. The UPS was then validated using correlation and regression analyses. The six-item UPS possesses construct and divergent validity and good internal consistency. The UPS appears to be a stronger marker of psychopathology than the pre-existing measures of procrastination used in this study. Results from the regression models suggest that both negative affect and metacognitions about procrastination differentiate between general, intentional, and unintentional procrastination. The UPS is brief, has good psychometric properties, and has strong associations with negative affect, suggesting it has value as a research and clinical tool.
拖延指的是任务或决策的延迟或推迟，通常被概念化为自我调节的失败。最近的研究表明，拖延可以分为两个领域：有意拖延和无意拖延。在这篇包含两项研究的论文中，我们旨在开发一种无意拖延的测量方法（命名为无意拖延量表或“UPS”），并测试它是否会比有意拖延和一般拖延更能成为精神病理学的有力指标。在研究1中，139名参与者的社区样本完成了一份问卷，该问卷包含了一些从理论、先前研究和临床经验中得出的与无意拖延相关的项目。对回答进行了主成分分析和内部一致性评估。在研究2中，155名参与者的社区样本完成了新开发的量表，以及一般拖延和有意拖延的测量方法、对拖延的元认知和消极情绪的测量。对UPS的数据进行了验证性因素分析并相应地进行了修订。然后使用相关分析和回归分析对UPS进行了验证。这个包含六个条目的UPS具有结构效度和区分效度以及良好的内部一致性。UPS似乎比本研究中使用的现有的拖延测量方法更能成为精神病理学的有力指标。回归模型的结果表明，消极情绪和对拖延的元认知在一般拖延、有意拖延和无意拖延之间存在差异。UPS简短，具有良好的心理测量特性，并且与消极情绪有很强的关联，表明它作为一种研究和临床工具具有价值。
