Poland: coronary and structural heart interventions from 2010 to 2015.

For the last five years, invasive cardiology in Poland has developed extensively. Currently, 98% of the 161 Polish cathlabs operate in 24/7 mode, 37 of them supported by cardiac surgery departments on-site. A certification curriculum for interventional cardiology operators is supported by dedicated workshops and scientific meetings during national conferences. The rise in the number of coronary angiographies and PCIs was paralleled by an increased use of drug-eluting stents, bioresorbable vascular scaffolds and physiologic assessment of coronary arteries. Radial artery access has become the default option for PCI. A rapid adoption of the EAPCI Stent for Life Initiative resulted in a significant increase in primary PCIs. Unlike coronary interventions, structural heart interventions have evolved unevenly, despite the solid network of Heart Teams set up in the 21 most experienced centres. Left atrial appendage closure is offered in an increasing number of cathlabs. MitraClip therapy remains largely underused (1 procedure/million population/year). Despite the slow growth of TAVI since 2008, the current annual number of 17.1 TAVI procedures per million population is incomparable with countries in Western Europe. A recently introduced EAPCI Valve for Life campaign was followed by a 42.6% annual increase in TAVI procedures and an improvement in patients' access to therapy in life-saving indications.