Oda Katsutoshi, Tanikawa Michihiro, Sone Kenbun, Mori-Uchino Mayuyo, Osuga Yutaka, Fujii Tomoyuki
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
Int J Clin Oncol. 2017 Aug;22(4):611-618. doi: 10.1007/s10147-017-1137-7. Epub 2017 May 15.
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have attracted much attention as one of the major molecular-targeted therapeutics for inhibiting DNA damage response. The PARP inhibitor, olaparib, has been clinically applied for treating certain recurrent ovarian cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutations in Europe and the United States. It was also designated on 24 March 2017 as an orphan drug in Japan for similar clinical indications. In this review, we discuss (i) the prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations in ovarian cancer, (ii) clinical trials of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer, (iii) genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer patients, and (iv) non-BRCA genes that may be associated with homologous recombination deficiency.
聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂作为抑制DNA损伤反应的主要分子靶向疗法之一备受关注。PARP抑制剂奥拉帕利已在欧洲和美国临床上用于治疗某些具有BRCA1/2突变的复发性卵巢癌患者。2017年3月24日，它在日本也被指定为用于类似临床适应症的孤儿药。在本综述中，我们讨论了（i）卵巢癌中BRCA1/2突变的发生率，（ii）PARP抑制剂在卵巢癌中的临床试验，（iii）遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌患者的遗传咨询，以及（iv）可能与同源重组缺陷相关的非BRCA基因。
